ENSO's Response to Volcanism in a Data Assimilation-Based Paleoclimate Reconstruction Over the Common Era

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dc.citation.articleNumbere2021PA004290en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber3en_US
dc.citation.journalTitlePaleoceanography and Paleoclimatologyen_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber37en_US
dc.contributor.authorDee, Sylvia G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSteiger, Nathan J.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-18T17:17:28Zen_US
dc.date.available2022-04-18T17:17:28Zen_US
dc.date.issued2022en_US
dc.description.abstractThe tropical response to explosive volcanism remains underconstrained in the paleoclimate record. While the atmosphere cools due to aerosol forcing following volcanic eruptions, modeling evidence suggests that the tropical Pacific responds with compensatory warming. Given the rarity of large volcanic eruptions and the short instrumental record, these modeling results require independent verification. Here, we test for links between volcanism and tropical Pacific dynamics using the newly developed Paleo Hydrodynamics Data Assimilation product (PHYDA), which spans the past 2,000 years. Using Pacific sea surface temperature fields from PHYDA and coincident volcanic eruptions, we test the response of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to large, tropical volcanic eruptions. We identify a weak El Niño-like response of the tropical Pacific in the year following sufficiently large, tropical volcanic eruptions. While the response is not significant at the 95% confidence level using superposed epoch analysis (SEA) and self-organizing maps, a significant result does emerge when employing probability density functions. Our results indicate that the widely used SEA approach, based on composite averaging, may not be sufficiently sensitive to capture an ENSO response in the presence of large internal variability. We additionally conclude that inconsistencies in both the spatial patterns and magnitudes between climate models and PHYDA results indicate that current models overestimate the regional tropical response to volcanic forcing.en_US
dc.identifier.citationDee, Sylvia G. and Steiger, Nathan J.. "ENSO's Response to Volcanism in a Data Assimilation-Based Paleoclimate Reconstruction Over the Common Era." <i>Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology,</i> 37, no. 3 (2022) Wiley: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021PA004290.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021PA004290en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/112105en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.rightsArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.en_US
dc.titleENSO's Response to Volcanism in a Data Assimilation-Based Paleoclimate Reconstruction Over the Common Eraen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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