Modeling Transition Region Hot Loops on the Sun: The Necessity of Rapid, Complex Spatiotemporal Heating and Nonequilibrium Ionization

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dc.citation.articleNumber59en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber1en_US
dc.citation.journalTitleThe Astrophysical Journalen_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber971en_US
dc.contributor.authorBahauddin, Shah Mohammaden_US
dc.contributor.authorBradshaw, Stephen J.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-29T21:11:44Zen_US
dc.date.available2024-08-29T21:11:44Zen_US
dc.date.issued2024en_US
dc.description.abstractThe study examines the heating profile of hot solar transition region loops, particularly focusing on transient brightenings observed in IRIS 1400 Å slit-jaw images. The findings challenge the adequacy of simplistic, singular heating mechanisms, revealing that the heating is temporally impulsive and requires a spatially complex profile with multiple heating scales. A forward-modeling code is utilized to generate synthetic Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) emission spectra of these loops based on HYDRAD model output, confirming that emitting ions are out of equilibrium. The modeling further indicates that density-dependent dielectronic recombination rates must be included to reproduce the observed line ratios. Collectively, this evidence substantiates that the loops are subject to impulsive heating and that the components of the transiently brightened plasma are driven far from thermal equilibrium. Heating events such as these are ubiquitous in the transition region, and the analysis described above provides a robust observational diagnostic tool for characterizing the plasma.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBahauddin, S. M., & Bradshaw, S. J. (2024). Modeling Transition Region Hot Loops on the Sun: The Necessity of Rapid, Complex Spatiotemporal Heating and Nonequilibrium Ionization. The Astrophysical Journal, 971(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a86en_US
dc.identifier.digitalBahauddin_2024_ApJ_971_59en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a86en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/117716en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherIOP Publishingen_US
dc.rightsExcept where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  Permission to reuse, publish, or reproduce the work beyond the terms of the license or beyond the bounds of fair use or other exemptions to copyright law must be obtained from the copyright holder.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.titleModeling Transition Region Hot Loops on the Sun: The Necessity of Rapid, Complex Spatiotemporal Heating and Nonequilibrium Ionizationen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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