We use neutron resonance spin echo and Larmor diffraction to study the effect of uniaxial pressure on the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural (Ts) and antiferromagnetic (AF) phase transitions in iron pnictides BaFe2−xNixAs2 (x=0,0.03,0.12),SrFe1.97Ni0.03As2, and BaFe2(As0.7P0.3)2. In antiferromagnetically ordered BaFe2−xNixAs2 and SrFe1.97Ni0.03As2 with TN and Ts (TN≤Ts), a uniaxial pressure necessary to detwin the sample also increases TN, smears out the structural transition, and induces an orthorhombic lattice distortion at all temperatures. By comparing temperature and doping dependence of the pressure induced lattice parameter changes with the elastoresistance and nematic susceptibility obtained from transport and ultrasonic measurements, we conclude that the in-plane resistivity anisotropy found in the paramagnetic state of electron underdoped iron pnictides depends sensitively on the nature of the magnetic phase transition and a strong coupling between the uniaxial pressure induced lattice distortion and electronic nematic susceptibility.