Spin-orbit angular momentum coupling in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate
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We propose a simple model with spin and orbit angular momentum coupling in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate, where three internal atomic states are Raman coupled by a pair of copropagating Laguerre-Gaussian beams. The resulting Raman transition imposes a transfer of orbital angular momentum between photons and the condensate in a spin-dependent way. Focusing on a regime where the single-particle ground state is nearly threefold degenerate, we show that the weak interatomic interaction in the condensate produces a rich phase diagram, and that a many-body Rabi oscillation between two quantum phases can be induced by a sudden quench of the quadratic Zeeman shift. We carried out our calculations using both a variational method and a full numerical method, and found excellent agreement.
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Chen, Li, Pu, Han and Zhang, Yunbo. "Spin-orbit angular momentum coupling in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate." Physical Review A, 93, no. 1 (2016) American Physical Society: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.013629.