Neutron star cooling with lepton-flavor-violating axions

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dc.citation.articleNumber103005en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber10en_US
dc.citation.journalTitlePhysical Review Den_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber109en_US
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Hong-Yien_US
dc.contributor.authorHagimoto, Rayen_US
dc.contributor.authorLong, Andrew J.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-22T15:28:48Zen_US
dc.date.available2024-08-22T15:28:48Zen_US
dc.date.issued2024en_US
dc.description.abstractThe cores of dense stars are a powerful laboratory for studying feebly coupled particles such as axions. Some of the strongest constraints on axionlike particles and their couplings to ordinary matter derive from considerations of stellar axion emission. In this work we study the radiation of axionlike particles from degenerate neutron star matter via a lepton-flavor-violating coupling that leads to muon-electron conversion when an axion is emitted. We calculate the axion emission rate per unit volume (emissivity) and by comparing with the rate of neutrino emission, we infer upper limits on the lepton-flavor-violating coupling that are at the level of |gaeμ|≲10−6. For the hotter environment of a supernova, such as SN 1987A, the axion emission rate is enhanced and the limit is stronger, at the level of |gaeμ|≲10−11, competitive with laboratory limits. Interestingly, our derivation of the axion emissivity reveals that axion emission via the lepton-flavor-violating coupling is suppressed relative to the familiar lepton-flavor-preserving channels by the square of the plasma temperature to muon mass ratio, which is responsible for the relatively weaker limits.en_US
dc.identifier.citationZhang, H.-Y., Hagimoto, R., & Long, A. J. (2024). Neutron star cooling with lepton-flavor-violating axions. Physical Review D, 109(10), 103005. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.103005en_US
dc.identifier.digitalPhysRevD-109-103005en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.103005en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/117688en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherAmerican Physical Societyen_US
dc.rightsExcept where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  Permission to reuse, publish, or reproduce the work beyond the terms of the license or beyond the bounds of fair use or other exemptions to copyright law must be obtained from the copyright holder.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.titleNeutron star cooling with lepton-flavor-violating axionsen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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