Deliberate Practice and Performance in Music, Games, Sports, Education, and Professions: A Meta-Analysis

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dc.citation.firstpage1608
dc.citation.journalTitlePsychological Science
dc.citation.lastpage1618
dc.contributor.authorMacnamara, Brooke N.
dc.contributor.authorHambrick, David Z.
dc.contributor.authorOswald, Frederick L.
dc.date.accessioned2014-07-23T15:30:35Z
dc.date.available2014-07-23T15:30:35Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractMore than 20 years ago, researchers proposed that individual differences in performance in such domains as music, sports, and games largely reflect individual differences in amount of deliberate practice, which was defined as engagement in structured activities created specifically to improve performance in a domain. This view is a frequent topic of popular-science writing but is it supported by empirical evidence? To answer this question, we conducted a meta-analysis covering all major domains in which deliberate practice has been investigated. We found that deliberate practice explained 26% of the variance in performance for games, 21% for music, 18% for sports, 4% for education, and less than 1% for professions. We conclude that deliberate practice is important, but not as important as has been argued.
dc.identifier.citationMacnamara, Brooke N., Hambrick, David Z. and Oswald, Frederick L.. "Deliberate Practice and Performance in Music, Games, Sports, Education, and Professions: A Meta-Analysis." <i>Psychological Science,</i> (2014) Sage: 1608-1618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797614535810.
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797614535810
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/76260
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSage
dc.rightsThis is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Sage.
dc.subject.keyworddeliberate practice
dc.subject.keywordtalent development
dc.subject.keywordmeta-analysis
dc.subject.keywordhuman performance
dc.subject.keywordskill acquisition
dc.subject.keywordexpertise
dc.subject.keywordopen data
dc.titleDeliberate Practice and Performance in Music, Games, Sports, Education, and Professions: A Meta-Analysis
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.dcmiText
dc.type.publicationpost-print
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