Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the Hubbard model with ultracold atoms

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dc.citation.firstpage211en_US
dc.citation.journalTitleNatureen_US
dc.citation.lastpage214en_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber519en_US
dc.contributor.authorHart, Russell A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDuarte, Pedro M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorYang, Tsung-Linen_US
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Xinxingen_US
dc.contributor.authorPaiva, Therezaen_US
dc.contributor.authorKhatami, Ehsanen_US
dc.contributor.authorScalettar, Richard T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTrivedi, Nandinien_US
dc.contributor.authorHuse, David A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHulet, Randall G.en_US
dc.contributor.orgRice Quantum Instituteen_US
dc.date.accessioned2015-03-30T19:07:09Zen_US
dc.date.available2015-03-30T19:07:09Zen_US
dc.date.issued2015en_US
dc.description.abstractUltracold atoms in optical lattices have great potential to contribute to a better understanding of some of the most important issues in many-body physics, such as high-temperature superconductivity[1]. The Hubbard model—a simplified representation of fermions moving on a periodic lattice—is thought to describe the essential details of copper oxide superconductivity[2]. This model describes many of the features shared by the copper oxides, including an interaction-driven Mott insulating state and an antiferromagnetic (AFM) state. Optical lattices filled with a two-spin-component Fermi gas of ultracold atoms can faithfully realize the Hubbard model with readily tunable parameters, and thus provide a platform for the systematic exploration of its phase diagram[3, 4]. Realization of strongly correlated phases, however, has been hindered by the need to cool the atoms to temperatures as low as the magnetic exchange energy, and also by the lack of reliable thermometry[5]. Here we demonstrate spin-sensitive Bragg scattering of light to measure AFM spin correlations in a realization of the three-dimensional Hubbard model at temperatures down to 1.4 times that of the AFM phase transition. This temperature regime is beyond the range of validity of a simple high-temperature series expansion, which brings our experiment close to the limit of the capabilities of current numerical techniques, particularly at metallic densities. We reach these low temperatures using a compensated optical lattice technique[6], in which the confinement of each lattice beam is compensated by a blue-detuned laser beam. The temperature of the atoms in the lattice is deduced by comparing the light scattering to determinant quantum Monte Carlo simulations[7] and numerical linked-cluster expansion[8] calculations. Further refinement of the compensated lattice may produce even lower temperatures which, along with light scattering thermometry, would open avenues for producing and characterizing other novel quantum states of matter, such as the pseudogap regime and correlated metallic states of the two-dimensional Hubbard model.en_US
dc.identifier.citationHart, Russell A., Duarte, Pedro M., Yang, Tsung-Lin, et al.. "Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the Hubbard model with ultracold atoms." <i>Nature,</i> 519, (2015) Nature Publishing Group: 211-214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14223.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14223en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/79400en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherNature Publishing Groupen_US
dc.rightsThis is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by the Nature Publishing Group.en_US
dc.titleObservation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the Hubbard model with ultracold atomsen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpost-printen_US
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