PDRs4All - III. JWST’s NIR spectroscopic view of the Orion Bar

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dc.citation.articleNumberA74en_US
dc.citation.journalTitleAstronomy & Astrophysicsen_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber685en_US
dc.contributor.authorPeeters, Elsen_US
dc.contributor.authorHabart, Emilieen_US
dc.contributor.authorBerné, Olivieren_US
dc.contributor.authorSidhu, Ameeken_US
dc.contributor.authorChown, Ryanen_US
dc.contributor.authorPutte, Dries Van Deen_US
dc.contributor.authorTrahin, Borisen_US
dc.contributor.authorSchroetter, Ilaneen_US
dc.contributor.authorCanin, Amélieen_US
dc.contributor.authorAlarcón, Felipeen_US
dc.contributor.authorSchefter, Bethanyen_US
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Bariaen_US
dc.contributor.authorPasquini, Sofiaen_US
dc.contributor.authorTielens, Alexander G. G. M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWolfire, Mark G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDartois, Emmanuelen_US
dc.contributor.authorGoicoechea, Javier R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMaragkoudakis, Alexandrosen_US
dc.contributor.authorOnaka, Takashien_US
dc.contributor.authorPound, Marc W.en_US
dc.contributor.authorVicente, Sílviaen_US
dc.contributor.authorAbergel, Alainen_US
dc.contributor.authorBergin, Edwin A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBernard-Salas, Jeronimoen_US
dc.contributor.authorBoersma, Christiaanen_US
dc.contributor.authorBron, Emericen_US
dc.contributor.authorCami, Janen_US
dc.contributor.authorCuadrado, Saraen_US
dc.contributor.authorDicken, Danielen_US
dc.contributor.authorElyajouri, Meriemen_US
dc.contributor.authorFuente, Asunciónen_US
dc.contributor.authorGordon, Karl D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorIssa, Linaen_US
dc.contributor.authorJoblin, Christineen_US
dc.contributor.authorKannavou, Olgaen_US
dc.contributor.authorLacinbala, Ozanen_US
dc.contributor.authorLanguignon, Daviden_US
dc.contributor.authorGal, Romane Leen_US
dc.contributor.authorMeshaka, Raphaelen_US
dc.contributor.authorOkada, Yokoen_US
dc.contributor.authorRobberto, Massimoen_US
dc.contributor.authorRöllig, Markusen_US
dc.contributor.authorSchirmer, Thiébauten_US
dc.contributor.authorTabone, Benoiten_US
dc.contributor.authorZannese, Marionen_US
dc.contributor.authorAleman, Isabelen_US
dc.contributor.authorAllamandola, Louisen_US
dc.contributor.authorAuchettl, Rebeccaen_US
dc.contributor.authorBaratta, Giuseppe Antonioen_US
dc.contributor.authorBejaoui, Salmaen_US
dc.contributor.authorBera, Partha P.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBlack, John H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBoulanger, Francoisen_US
dc.contributor.authorBouwman, Jordyen_US
dc.contributor.authorBrandl, Bernharden_US
dc.contributor.authorBrechignac, Philippeen_US
dc.contributor.authorBrünken, Sandraen_US
dc.contributor.authorBuragohain, Mridusmitaen_US
dc.contributor.authorBurkhardt, Andrewen_US
dc.contributor.authorCandian, Alessandraen_US
dc.contributor.authorCazaux, Stéphanieen_US
dc.contributor.authorCernicharo, Joseen_US
dc.contributor.authorChabot, Marinen_US
dc.contributor.authorChakraborty, Shubhadipen_US
dc.contributor.authorChampion, Jasonen_US
dc.contributor.authorColgan, Sean W. J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorCooke, Ilsa R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorCoutens, Audreyen_US
dc.contributor.authorCox, Nick L. J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDemyk, Karineen_US
dc.contributor.authorMeyer, Jennifer Donovanen_US
dc.contributor.authorFoschino, Sachaen_US
dc.contributor.authorGarcía-Lario, Pedroen_US
dc.contributor.authorGerin, Maryvonneen_US
dc.contributor.authorGottlieb, Carl A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGuillard, Pierreen_US
dc.contributor.authorGusdorf, Antoineen_US
dc.contributor.authorHartigan, Patricken_US
dc.contributor.authorHe, Jinhuaen_US
dc.contributor.authorHerbst, Ericen_US
dc.contributor.authorHornekaer, Liven_US
dc.contributor.authorJäger, Corneliaen_US
dc.contributor.authorJanot-Pacheco, Eduardoen_US
dc.contributor.authorKaufman, Michaelen_US
dc.contributor.authorKendrew, Sarahen_US
dc.contributor.authorKirsanova, Maria S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKlaassen, Pamelaen_US
dc.contributor.authorKwok, Sunen_US
dc.contributor.authorLabiano, Álvaroen_US
dc.contributor.authorLai, Thomas S.-Y.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLee, Timothy J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLefloch, Bertranden_US
dc.contributor.authorPetit, Franck Leen_US
dc.contributor.authorLi, Aigenen_US
dc.contributor.authorLinz, Hendriken_US
dc.contributor.authorMackie, Cameron J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMadden, Suzanne C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMascetti, Joëlleen_US
dc.contributor.authorMcGuire, Brett A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMerino, Pabloen_US
dc.contributor.authorMicelotta, Elisabetta R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMisselt, Karlen_US
dc.contributor.authorMorse, Jon A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMulas, Giacomoen_US
dc.contributor.authorNeelamkodan, Naslimen_US
dc.contributor.authorOhsawa, Ryouen_US
dc.contributor.authorPaladini, Robertaen_US
dc.contributor.authorPalumbo, Maria Elisabettaen_US
dc.contributor.authorPathak, Amiten_US
dc.contributor.authorPendleton, Yvonne J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorPetrignani, Annemiekeen_US
dc.contributor.authorPino, Thomasen_US
dc.contributor.authorPuga, Elenaen_US
dc.contributor.authorRangwala, Naseemen_US
dc.contributor.authorRapacioli, Mathiasen_US
dc.contributor.authorRicca, Alessandraen_US
dc.contributor.authorRoman-Duval, Juliaen_US
dc.contributor.authorRoser, Josephen_US
dc.contributor.authorRoueff, Evelyneen_US
dc.contributor.authorRouillé, Gaëlen_US
dc.contributor.authorSalama, Fariden_US
dc.contributor.authorSales, Dinalva A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSandstrom, Karinen_US
dc.contributor.authorSarre, Peteren_US
dc.contributor.authorSciamma-O’Brien, Ellaen_US
dc.contributor.authorSellgren, Krisen_US
dc.contributor.authorShenoy, Sachindev S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTeyssier, Daviden_US
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Richard D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTogi, Adityaen_US
dc.contributor.authorVerstraete, Laurenten_US
dc.contributor.authorWitt, Adolf N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWootten, Alwynen_US
dc.contributor.authorYsard, Nathalieen_US
dc.contributor.authorZettergren, Henningen_US
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Yongen_US
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Ziwei E.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZhen, Junfengen_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-29T21:11:46Zen_US
dc.date.available2024-08-29T21:11:46Zen_US
dc.date.issued2024en_US
dc.description.abstractContext. JWST has taken the sharpest and most sensitive infrared (IR) spectral imaging observations ever of the Orion Bar photodis-sociation region (PDR), which is part of the nearest massive star-forming region the Orion Nebula, and often considered to be the ‘prototypical’ strongly illuminated PDR. Aims. We investigate the impact of radiative feedback from massive stars on their natal cloud and focus on the transition from the H II region to the atomic PDR – crossing the ionisation front (IF) –, and the subsequent transition to the molecular PDR – crossing the dissociation front (DF). Given the prevalence of PDRs in the interstellar medium and their dominant contribution to IR radiation, understanding the response of the PDR gas to far-ultraviolet (FUV) photons and the associated physical and chemical processes is fundamental to our understanding of star and planet formation and for the interpretation of any unresolved PDR as seen by JWST. Methods. We used high-resolution near-IR integral field spectroscopic data from NIRSpec on JWST to observe the Orion Bar PDR as part of the PDRs4All JWST Early Release Science programme. We constructed a 3″ × 25″’ spatio-spectral mosaic covering 0.97– 5.27 μm at a spectral resolution R of ~2700 and an angular resolution of 0.075″–0.173″. To study the properties of key regions captured in this mosaic, we extracted five template spectra in apertures centred on the three H2 dissociation fronts, the atomic PDR, and the H II region. This wealth of detailed spatial-spectral information was analysed in terms of variations in the physical conditions-incident UV field, density, and temperature – of the PDR gas. Results. The NIRSpec data reveal a forest of lines including, but not limited to, He I, H I , and C I recombination lines; ionic lines (e.g. Fe III and Fe II); O I and N I fluorescence lines; aromatic infrared bands (AIBs, including aromatic CH, aliphatic CH, and their CD counterparts); pure rotational and ro-vibrational lines from H2; and ro-vibrational lines from HD, CO, and CH+, with most of them having been detected for the first time towards a PDR. Their spatial distribution resolves the H and He ionisation structure in the Huygens region, gives insight into the geometry of the Bar, and confirms the large-scale stratification of PDRs. In addition, we observed numerous smaller-scale structures whose typical size decreases with distance from θ1 Ori C and IR lines from C I , if solely arising from radiative recombination and cascade, reveal very high gas temperatures (a few 1000 K) consistent with the hot irradiated surface of small-scale dense clumps inside the PDR. The morphology of the Bar, in particular that of the H2 lines, reveals multiple prominent filaments that exhibit different characteristics. This leaves the impression of a ‘terraced’ transition from the predominantly atomic surface region to the CO-rich molecular zone deeper in. We attribute the different characteristics of the H2 filaments to their varying depth into the PDR and, in some cases, not reaching the C+/C/CO transition. These observations thus reveal what local conditions are required to drive the physical and chemical processes needed to explain the different characteristics of the DFs and the photochemical evolution of the AIB carriers. Conclusions. This study showcases the discovery space created by JWST to further our understanding of the impact radiation from young stars has on their natal molecular cloud and proto-planetary disk, which touches on star and planet formation as well as galaxy evolution.en_US
dc.identifier.citationPeeters, E., Habart, E., Berné, O., Sidhu, A., Chown, R., Putte, D. V. D., Trahin, B., Schroetter, I., Canin, A., Alarcón, F., Schefter, B., Khan, B., Pasquini, S., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Wolfire, M. G., Dartois, E., Goicoechea, J. R., Maragkoudakis, A., Onaka, T., … Zhen, J. (2024). PDRs4All—III. JWST’s NIR spectroscopic view of the Orion Bar. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 685, A74. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348244en_US
dc.identifier.digitalaa48244-23en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348244en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/117726en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherEDP Sciencesen_US
dc.rightsExcept where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  Permission to reuse, publish, or reproduce the work beyond the terms of the license or beyond the bounds of fair use or other exemptions to copyright law must be obtained from the copyright holder.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.titlePDRs4All - III. JWST’s NIR spectroscopic view of the Orion Baren_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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