X-Ray and Radio Observations of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 during Its 2014, 2015, and 2016 Outbursts

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dc.citation.articleNumber85
dc.citation.journalTitleThe Astrophysical Journal
dc.citation.volumeNumber847
dc.contributor.authorYounes, George
dc.contributor.authorKouveliotou, Chryssa
dc.contributor.authorJaodand, Amruta
dc.contributor.authorBaring, Matthew G.
dc.contributor.authorvan der Horst, Alexander J.
dc.contributor.authorHarding, Alice K.
dc.contributor.authorHessels, Jason W.T.
dc.contributor.authorGehrels, Neil
dc.contributor.authorGill, Ramandeep
dc.contributor.authorHuppenkothen, Daniela
dc.contributor.authorGranot, Jonathan
dc.contributor.authorGöğüş Ersin
dc.contributor.authorLin, Lin
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-19T17:11:53Z
dc.date.available2017-10-19T17:11:53Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractWe analyzed broadband X-ray and radio data of the magnetar SGR J1935+2154 taken in the aftermath of its 2014, 2015, and 2016 outbursts. The source soft X-ray spectrum <10 keV is well described with a blackbody+power-law (BB+PL) or 2BB model during all three outbursts. Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array observations revealed a hard X-ray tail, with a PL photon index Γ = 0.9, extending up to 50 keV, with flux comparable to the one detected <10 keV. Imaging analysis of Chandra data did not reveal small-scale extended emission around the source. Following the outbursts, the total 0.5–10 keV flux from SGR J1935+2154 increased in concordance to its bursting activity, with the flux at activation onset increasing by a factor of ~7 following its strongest 2016 June outburst. A Swift/X-Ray Telescope observation taken 1.5 days prior to the onset of this outburst showed a flux level consistent with quiescence. We show that the flux increase is due to the PL or hot BB component, which increased by a factor of 25 compared to quiescence, while the cold BB component kT = 0.47 keV remained more or less constant. The 2014 and 2015 outbursts decayed quasi-exponentially with timescales of ~40 days, while the stronger 2016 May and June outbursts showed a quick short-term decay with timescales of about four days. Our Arecibo radio observations set the deepest limits on the radio emission from a magnetar, with a maximum flux density limit of 14 μJy for the 4.6 GHz observations and 7 μJy for the 1.4 GHz observations. We discuss these results in the framework of the current magnetar theoretical models.
dc.identifier.citationYounes, George, Kouveliotou, Chryssa, Jaodand, Amruta, et al.. "X-Ray and Radio Observations of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 during Its 2014, 2015, and 2016 Outbursts." <i>The Astrophysical Journal,</i> 847, (2017) The American Astronomical Society: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa899a.
dc.identifier.digitalYounes_2017_ApJ_847_85
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa899a
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/97804
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherThe American Astronomical Society
dc.rightsArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
dc.titleX-Ray and Radio Observations of the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 during Its 2014, 2015, and 2016 Outbursts
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.dcmiText
dc.type.publicationpublisher version
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