R-3 Repository :: Browsing by Author "Urrutibeheity, Hector N."

Browsing by Author "Urrutibeheity, Hector N."

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A study of language transfer in third-year Spanish students
(1997) Verde-Garcia, Lourdes; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
This study analyzes the role of Transfer, or native language interference in the written interlanguage of fourteen English-speaking students during the second semester of the third year of Spanish at Rice University. English language interference is studied in the development of Spanish lexicon, syntax, morphology and orthography. Errors from translation exercises as well as from written compositions were analyzed and categorized by type. A list of all the English transfer errors found in this project is preceded by an explanation of the interference mechanism involved. At two data collection points, evenly spaced toward the beginning and the end of the semester, a horizontal comparison of transfer errors was carried out in order to observe changes in transfer errors. A review of previous literature in language transfer precedes the findings specific to this study.
A Study of Lexical Availability Among Monolingual-Bilingual Speakers of Spanish and English
(1971) Victery, John Bailey Jr.; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
The purpose of this thesis has been to study vocabulary elicited from ten different areas of subject matter by means of limited time testing on mixed control-groups comprising ninety-nine students in the 16-17-18 year-old age range, of which 33 were monolinguals in Spanish (from Monterrey, Mexico), 33 were monolinguals in English (from Houston, Texas), and 33 were bilinguals (also from Houston). The history of such testing and its recent evolutions; important pre-testing discoveries; the manual and technological methods used in carrying out the actual testing; its rationale, and how vocabulary studies may be classified are important properties of the techniques and analyses of this study. The practical applications of lexical availability are seen in relation to what lexical availability is and how it may be measured. The testing was divided into distinct areas of subject matter and for each, the students gave, by means of a free association type response, words which they related directly or indirectly to one stimulus at a time. The participants were required to write down their responses as pretesting experimentation uncovered some severe disadvantages in using oraltype recording devices. Each stimulus was allowed two minutes. Lexical homogeneity to the highest degree possible was desirable; therefore, subject matters were selected on a basis of universality. The socioeconomic and sociocultural backgrounds of the Spanish speaking monolinguals was seen to be advantaged over that of the English speaking monolinguals and the bilinguals, based on the occupational statuses of their families and types of city districts wherein their homes are found. The analytical development of the results brought to light some surprising findings. The English speaking monolinguals ranked first in production of total lexical items (6,/140); the Spanish speaking bilinguals ranked second in total production (5,672); English speaking bilinguals ranked third (5,572) and Spanish speaking monolinguals totaled 4,696 items, ranking fourth. As to different items, Spanish speaking bilinguals produced 2,539, ranking first; English speaking monolinguals elicited 2,454, ranking second; English speaking bilinguals ranked third with 2,384 and Spanish speaking monolinguals yielded 1,904 different items, ranking fourth. Females consistently outranked the males in lexical production-by 11.59% in total items and 10.89% in different items. Of the 22,380 total items produced, girls elicited 13,404 to the males' production of 8,976 (weight-corrected figure: 10,145). That portion of the entire corpus which yielded items of 8 occurrences or more comprised 44.81%. Significant to the study of lexical availability is cognitive concomitance; that is, the degree of universal agreement to be found concurrent to the participating group. In the case of this study, the fact that 45% (rounded figure) of the lexical items were shared by and dispersed to such a substantial degree among all informants was confirmation of lexical homogeneity.
A triple approximation to the concept of aspect in Spanish
(1993) Casal, Sonia; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
The present analysis studies aspect from a triple perspective: morphological, semantic and syntactic. This division aims at clarifying the concept of aspect, accounting for the traditional dichotomy Imperfect/Preterit tense in Spanish. In contrast to those authors who consider the above categories as separate entities, we claim that the term aspect should be studied as an interaction of the three categories in the following sequence: (1) Morphological/semantic interaction. This interaction shows that the situation a verb expresses (whether durative, punctual, iterative, etc.) may be influenced by the choice of the Imperfect or the Preterit. (2) Morphological/syntactic interaction. This interaction illustrates that the choice of the Imperfect or the Preterit tenses involves different sentential components, mainly subject and adverbials. (3) Semantic/syntactic interaction. This interaction reveals that the situation a verb designates may be affected by elements of the sentence such as subject, direct and indirect object, adverbials and periphrastic verb forms.
El español de Rosenberg, Texas: una descripcion morfologica y lexica
(1977) Cornelius, Cynthia Tufts Carty; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
The purpose of the investigation and research for this thesis project has been a desire to describe a dialect of Spanish which is spoken in Rosenberg, Texas. Although we have attempted to analyze this dialect on the basis of every linguistic level -- morphological, syntactical, lexical, and phonological we have concentrated our efforts primarily on the distinctive morphological and lexical features which characterize the Spanish spoken in Rosenberg. Up to now, research on Mexican Americans and their language as well as that of other Spanish dialects has been relatively scant. The field of dialectology presents a relatively new area for study and much remains to be investigated. After having consulted the few works done in this area, we were able to develop a systematic plan to guide us in the gathering of the necessary linguistic information. Navarro Tomás was one of the first to indicate a scientific plan for investigation. Our method was based in part on his questionnaires and those of other dialectologists. Along with the questionnaire we recorded spontaneous conversation to provide us with a corpus. The thesis work was divided into three basic stages; 1. selection of methods; 2. compiling the corpus and later transcription; and 3. analysis of the corpus. Periodic immigration from Mexico to Texas explain many of the linguistic features with mark Rosenberg's dialect. The Spanish spoken in the southwestem region of the United States is linguistically considered to be a part of Mexican Spanish and so shares many of its peculiarities. We also see the influence of Náhuatl, language of the Aztecs, especially in the vocabulary of both Mexico and the Southwest. One of the most distinctive features of Rosenberg's dialect is the frequent use of archaic words, words such as truie. sernos, ansina. The tendency to conserve these old forms of Spanish is due to several factors. Basically, the Spanish which was originally brought from Spain to the New World was the popular language used by soldiers and explorers as early as the fifteenth century and continuing through the eighteenth century. Perhaps the most important factor in the development of this Spanish dialect has been the influence of English. While other linguistic divergencies find their counterparts in other Spanish areas, most anglicisms are due to the constant and intense interaction between the language groups English and Spanish, and more importantly, through the mediation of bilingual Mexican Americana. English interference occurs on every linguistic level, and most especially in the lexicon. Filler words such as I mean, well. so creep into everyday conversation just as frequently as do their Spanish equivalente. Other anglicisms are adapted to the English phonological System, e.g., los tragues, el troque. This thesis represents only a beginning in the investigation of Texas dialectology. It is hoped that our work will help to create interest in the field of Spanish American dialectology.
El habla del gamin bogotano
(1983) Nino-Murcia, Myriam M.; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.; Martinez, Maria Teresa Leal de; Castaneda, James A.
En este trabajo se describe el habla del gamín bogotano. Con el nombre de "gamín" se designa en Colombia al niño y al muchacho de la calle quien carece de todo y en su lucha por la sobrevivencia rompe toda clase de normas sociales, se inicia en el robo, la violencia y el uso de drogas. El Corpus está formado por material "vivo" obtenido durante tres meses de interacción con los informantes, por vía directa (entrevistas grabadas) e indirecta (observación sin que los informantes lo supieran). La muestra de 22 sujetos ha sido tomada del universo de la calle. En la descripción se consideran la morfosintaxis y el léxico. Como punto de referencia en el análisis morfosintáctico se ha tomado el uso culto peninsular (español standard) como la pauta más conocida y documentada. Al mismo tiempo se hace la comparación con otros dialectos para determinar los puntos de contacto con ellos. El estudio revela que, aunque el español de los gamines presenta modalidades típicas, morfosintácticamente es semejante a los dialectos populares del resto del mundo hispano. El léxico del gamín está formado por la jerga del delincuente y términos vulgares de la lengua popular. Se señalan aquí la procedencia del término y las relaciones con las jergas delictivas de otros países. El léxico es difícil de descodificar para quien no conoce las nuevas correspondencias respecto a las usuales del código. De modo que las diferencias a nivel léxico constituyen su rasgo sobresaliente, y permiten catalogar el habla del gamín como jerga. Este es, en resumen, la esencia de este trabajo.
Error analysis in the interlanguage of beginning Spanish students
(1998) Deveau, Todd Alan; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
This study analyzes the errors committed in the interlanguage of beginning eighth grade Spanish students in written production. Developmental errors were extracted from examinations and categorized as errors of lexicon, morphology, syntax, or orthography. These errors were then sub-classified in an attempt to arrive at an accurate interpretation and description of the error. The final step in this error analysis consisted of explanations for the possible causes of the errors. The analysis focused on developmental errors attributed to the target language itself such as overgeneralization in addition to the use of communication strategies in production. A review of literature on error analysis and related topics precedes the research findings of this study.
Evidencias lexicas del euskera en el castellano de Pamplona
(1998) Faires, Nancy Dean; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
El objetivo de esta investigacion es el estudio de las evidencias lexicas euskeras del castellano de la ciudad de Pamplona, ea vascuence Iruna o Irunea, Navarra/Nafarroa. Pamplona es una comunidad urbana en la zona de habla vasca de Espana. He centrado mi investiacion en la recopilacion del material teorico-linguistico, su estudio, y la clasificacion y el analisis de ciertas peculiaridades lexicas del castellano actual de Pamplona en relacioin con el vascuence. Se incluyen los antecedentes de la lengua vasca. Se presentan las teorias mas significativas de la influencia del vascuence en el castellano y se muestra la relacion de los vocablos de la familia linguistica vasca del Diccionario de la lengua espanola de la Real Academia Espnola en apoyo de la teoria de la influencia de la lengua vasca en el castellano. En este trabajo se describen las evidencias lexicas del euskera en el castellano mediante su realizacion oral por parte de un gnrpo de informantes hispanohablantes del nucleo urbano de Pamplona. Se ha presentado la lista de estas evidencias lexicas y la etimologia.
Gestures in communication: An inventory of emblems observed in Seville, Spain
(1995) Gomez-Calderon, Maria Jose; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
Gestures are studied as part of the communicative strategies pertaining to a language. This study focuses strictly on the gestures observed in the city of Seville, Spain. The inventory includes the emblems most frequently used by native speakers under 35. The scope of the inventory reaches all the social classes and educational levels currently occurring in the city of Seville.
La inclusion de canciones en obras de Osvaldo Dragun
(1985) Hansen-Coniff, Monica; Boorman, Joan Rea; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.; Martinez, Maria Teresa Leal de
En la mayoría de las obras de Osvaldo Dragún existen canciones que subrayan los temas principales. Estas canciones son de dos tipos: preexistentes, como los tangos de Cardé! ,o inventadas por el dramaturgo. La presentación de los versos musicales es directa cuando los protagonistas cantan ,e indirecta cuando las melodías provienen de un disco o de la" boite". Generalmente al incorporar estos trozos musicales se paraliza la acción dramática y se rompe el principio de la "cuarta pared". Estas interrupciones destruyen la ilusión del teatro realista y permiten que el espectador participe activamente, haciéndose cómplice de los actores y co-creador del dramaturgo. La incorporación de canciones revela el uso de técnicas similares a las del teatro épico brechtiano pero también hay otras fuentes de influencia como el sainete nacional argentino. Los versos cantados forman una parte integral de estas obras y las funciones que cumplen son de gran importancia. Sirven para entretener al espectador mientras se lo hace participe de una denuncia eficaz de comentarios socio-políticos.
Paleographic and orthographic characteristics of certain sixteenth century Spanish-American letters
(1989) Dunaway, Margaret Ruth Leland; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
The relatively small number of Paleography texts currently available are all of a similar format. Each includes reproductions of manuscripts which illustrate the principal handwriting styles of a given era. Some of the texts also mention a degenerative transformational process, especially evident in Spain, which resulted from the need for a more rapid execution of official correspondence. Because of the inordinate amount of documentation produced in Spain and her American colonies and the presence of colonial scribes who had been trained in Spain, a similar process is presumed to be evident in the New World. The sixteenth-century colonial documents included in this study were found to be representative of such a process. The documents were also found to be representative of sixteenth-century Spanish orthographic conventions and thus attest to the New World's conformity to these linguistic phenomena.
The Spanish of north Houston, Texas: a phonological and morphological description
(1978) Robichaux, Walter Francis; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
The purpose of the investigation and subsequent analysis of this thesis project has been to isolate and describe the phonological and morphological features found in the speech of ten informants of Houston's ”north side”* The thesis work itself was divided into three main stages: 1. the gathering of data in the form of brief spontaneous conversations recorded with sensitive equipment and the transference of these recordings to cassette tapes; 2. the phonetic transcription of the ten conversations in the language lab; and, 3. the collation of data to be used in both the phonological and morphological analyses. The chapter concerning Houston Spanish phonology deals with the following categories on an individual basis; 1. Vowels; 2. Consonants; and, 3. Combinations of Phonemes, the latter- of which includes both rising and falling diphthongs. Contributing factors in the frequent cases of apheresis, syncope and apocope are; false analogy, false analysis, phonic environment, position relative to stress and the influence of English. Outstanding phenomena which characterize Houston Spanish phonology include the confusion of /b/ and /v/, the confusion of /s/ and /2/, the aspirated /s/ and /f/, the assibilated (r), and the reduction and loss of certain consonants and semi-consonants like intervocalic (b), (e) and (y). In regard to morphology, Houston Spanish shares many features which occur throughout Latin America such as gender vacillations among articles, nouns and adjectives, such plural formations as (-ses), the redundant le, the substitution of ha for he in the present perfect, and various verbal stem and inflectional variations. Any discussion of variance, both morphological and phonological, occurs in relation to the standard Spanish of Mexico. Previous studies conducted by Canfield, Matluck, Lope Blanch, Kenriquez Uirena, Boyd-Bowman and others contribute useful data which parallel our own findings here in Houston. Finally it should be stated that studies of Spanish dialects north of the Mexican border are relatively scant. This thesis represents a minor contribution in the area of Texas dialectology and hopefully it will aid others in their linguistic endeavors throughout this area.
The Spanish of the Canastero gypsies of Seville: a morpho-syntactic and lexical description
(1979) Zingaro, Mary Michelle; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.; Martinez, Maria Teresa Leal de; Boorman, Joan Rea
The purpose of the research and analysis of this thesis project has been to describe the dialect of Spanish spoken by a group of canastero gypsies in Seville, Spain. Canastero gypsies are those who lead a marginal existence with regard to Spanish society as a whole; unlike some gypsies who have incorporated themselves into the mainstream of Spanish society, the canasteros still maintain many of the customs of their nomadic forbears. They have no formal education and therefore no literary tradition. (None of those interviewed for this study could read or write.) They are further distinguished by the fact that in the past they had their own language, called caló, which has recently been displaced by Spanish. This dialect (CS) has been described in terms of the. ways in which it varies from Standard peninsular Spanish. The study is divided into three categories: morphology, syntax and lexicon. Topics concerning phonology are dealt with as they relate to each of these categories. The study is based on a corpus made up of on interviews with nine canastero gypsies. A formal questionnaire was not used; rather, the interviews take the form of a spontaneous question-answer session. The interviews were recorded on tape and later transcribed. The transcription is included in the body of the thesis. The most outstanding feature of CS is its rather unique lexicon. The dialect contains a large number of archaic and popular terms, some of which are peculiar to Andalucía. There are also some words which seem to have no place in standard or popular Spanish; these words may be vestiges of calo, CS lexicon has been affected by the same phonetic traits which characterize Andalucian Spanish in general, the most important ones being the aspiration or loss of final /s/ and /z/, the loss of other final consonants especially /d/ and /r/), the loss of intervocalic /d/ and /r/, and the confusion of /!/ and /r/. Many spontaneous phonetic changes characterize CS, particularly haplology and metathesis. Spontaneous phonetic changes of this sort are common in dialects of relatively uneducated people. The morphological system of CS is characterized by the loss of the /s/ in the plural. The plural is instead indicated by aspiration of the /s/ or, less frequently, by the loss of the /s/ and the opening of the final vowel. Other features are: 1) the frequent use of the diminutive, 2) gender changes in nouns, 3) the substitution of los for nos, and 4) occasional lack of gender agreement between pronouns and antecedents. Finally, CS may be said to have a rather imprecise verbal system. Tenses and modes are substituted for one another in a seemingly random fashion; the precise sequential relationship of one event to another must sometimes be gleaned from the context. Redundancy, is another outstanding feature of CS. This includes the redundant use of subject pronouns, double negatives, and extensive repetition of words and phrases. Other syntactic traits are the preferred use of the post-nominal possessive and demonstrative adjectives, the ellipsis of certain prepositions, and the frequent ellipsis of the verb ser.
Transfer in the interlanguage of native English speakers in first-year college Spanish
(1995) Buehler, Susan Duffy; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
Transfer, or native language interference in the acquisition of a second language, is studied in the developing Spanish interlanguage of English-speaking students enrolled in first-year college Spanish. The study focuses on English language interference in the development of Spanish syntax, lexicon, morphology and orthography. Student compositions are analyzed and transfer errors are identified and categorized by type. The inventory of transfer errors includes all errors found in the student compositions which can be attributed to transfer and explains the interference mechanism involved in the error. Additionally, the frequency of transfer errors is compared horizontally over a four-month period to measure increase or decrease in transfer as the students' language capabilities develop. The study also reviews previous research in transfer, a field which has enjoyed renewed interest among linguists within recent years.
Trayectoria del verbo torquere del Latin vulgar al frances y al espanol modernos
(1978) Carroll, Edith Rodas-New; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
Studies of word formation have generally treated composition and derivation separately, although in fact the division is not absolutely clear-cut in every case. In derivation there is no consensus as to the nature of the process of affixation determining whether the form or the function should be considered of major importance. Further scholarly opinion has been divided about the place of prefixation, since prefixes may also serve frequently as preposition or adverb. Composition commonly focuses on word classes of components and of the compounds themselves, and/or the relationships between component elements The base form, or root, as a point from which to examine word formation seems to be neglected. This study originated from the question as to whether by the subtraction of elements added to a seemingly stable root and tracing that root to its primitive form, one could provide a clue to the processes involved in word formation. The choice of study of The Trajectory of Torquere and Its Variants From Latin to Standard French and Spanish was determined by the empirical observation of the frequency of written forms of tordre and variations, in French, and of torcer and variations, in Spanish. The investigation of the trajectory of Torquere and its variants from Latin into Standard French and Spanish established that the root-form in the process of its evolution may serve at any stage as a base for new forms. In French, one finds word formations with TROUSS-, XIII century, beside those of TORCH-, XIV century, TORS-, XI century, TORD-, XIII century, TORT-, XIV century, TORM-, IX century, TORQU-, XIII century, TORC-, XVI century. In Spanish, there are TORC-, XIII century, TORQU-, X century, TORCH-, XV century, TORM-, XIII century, TORS-, XV century, TORT, XIII century, TORZ-, XIII century, TRUJ-, XI centiary, TUERT-, XIII century, all variants of the base root TORQU-, from torquSre. Thus, it was further established that the number and scope of minimal elements (affixation) that could be manipulated in the process of new word formation, both in form and meaning, are difficult to determine. The paradoxical conservative-innovative tendencies of language were easily observable. The base root preserves the stability of the language, while affixation and compounding provide the innovative mutations. From the root TORS-, there are in Standard Spanish and in French innumerable formations: Spanish, tors-icSh, con-tors-ion, con-tors~ionista, dis-tors-ion-ar, etc. In French, tors-ion, tors-e, tors-ade, re-tors-if, etc. It is thus concluded that the phenomena attending word formation can be studied from the investigation of primary roots and its affixations and the evolution of secondary root from these, which in turn serve as base roots to further word formations. An interesting derivative from this research, beyond the intended scope, was establishing the parallelism of roots evolved from Torquere in these two languages. Ihis parallelism showed only one exception with no correspondence in the two languages: TORD-, French, dating from the XIII century, has no correspondence in Spanish.
Tres Tristes Tigres: estructura y lenguaje
(1980) Bak, Jolanta Krystyna; Boorman, Joan Rea; Kauffmann, Robert Lane; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
En el presente trabajo, se ha analizado el texto de Tres tristes tigres de Guillermo Cabrera Infante. El primer capítulo provee una descripción estructural de la obra entera, apuntando las relaciones intertextuales que pueden resultar importantes para la expresión de la novela. En el segundo capítulo, se ha descrito el uso del lenguaje en su forma social y literaria como materia del texto. Resulta que Tres tristes tigres, por su preocupación con el lenguaje, se convierte en un texto sobre su naturaleza. Para describir plenamente este aspecto auto-referencial del libro, ha sido necesario efectuar un análisis narrativo de una de las partes del discurso que es, al mismo tiempo, representativa para la totalidad de la obra. De eso trata el tercer capítulo de nuestro trabajo. Esperamos que nuestra lectura haya sabido apuntar las ambigüedades del texto que aumentan el interés del lector por descubrir su estructura profunda que se opone, dialécticamente, al desorden aparente de su discurso narrativo.
Un analisis linguistico del castellano antiguo del "Poema de Mio Cid" (Spanish text)
(1996) Goolsby, Alison; Urrutibeheity, Hector N.
El castellano antiguo que se encuentra en el Poema de Mio Cid es una variedad bastante distinta de la que existe hoy en dia. Ha habido cambios morfologicos, fonologicos y sintacticos en la evolucion de muchas palabras espanolas. Un estudio que sigue la versificacion del Poema de Mio Cid, mostrando estos cambios con respecto a los terminos de la obra, es una referencia util para las personas que estudian el Poema desde un punto de vista linguistico.

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