Hyaluronan (HA) Interacting Proteins RHAMM and Hyaluronidase Impact Prostate Cancer Cell Behavior and Invadopodia Formation in 3D HA-Based Hydrogels

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dc.citation.articleNumbere50075
dc.citation.issueNumber11
dc.citation.journalTitlePLoS ONE
dc.citation.volumeNumber7
dc.contributor.authorGurski, Lisa A.
dc.contributor.authorXu, Xian
dc.contributor.authorLabrada, Lyana N.
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, Ngoc T.
dc.contributor.authorXiao, Longxi
dc.contributor.authorvan Golen, Kenneth L.
dc.contributor.authorJia, Xinqiao
dc.contributor.authorFarach-Carson, Mary C.
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-02T14:52:16Z
dc.date.available2017-08-02T14:52:16Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.description.abstractTo study the individual functions of hyaluronan interacting proteins in prostate cancer (PCa) motility through connective tissues, we developed a novel three-dimensional (3D) hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel assay that provides a flexible, quantifiable, and physiologically relevant alternative to current methods. Invasion in this system reflects the prevalence of HA in connective tissues and its role in the promotion of cancer cell motility and tissue invasion, making the system ideal to study invasion through bone marrow or other HA-rich connective tissues. The bio-compatible cross-linking process we used allows for direct encapsulation of cancer cells within the gel where they adopt a distinct, cluster-like morphology. Metastatic PCa cells in these hydrogels develop fingerlike structures, “invadopodia”, consistent with their invasive properties. The number of invadopodia, as well as cluster size, shape, and convergence, can provide a quantifiable measure of invasive potential. Among candidate hyaluronan interacting proteins that could be responsible for the behavior we observed, we found that culture in the HA hydrogel triggers invasive PCa cells to differentially express and localize receptor for hyaluronan mediated motility (RHAMM)/CD168 which, in the absence of CD44, appears to contribute to PCa motility and invasion by interacting with the HA hydrogel components. PCa cell invasion through the HA hydrogel also was found to depend on the activity of hyaluronidases. Studies shown here reveal that while hyaluronidase activity is necessary for invadopodia and inter-connecting cluster formation, activity alone is not sufficient for acquisition of invasiveness to occur. We therefore suggest that development of invasive behavior in 3D HA-based systems requires development of additional cellular features, such as activation of motility associated pathways that regulate formation of invadopodia. Thus, we report development of a 3D system amenable to dissection of biological processes associated with cancer cell motility through HA-rich connective tissues.
dc.identifier.citationGurski, Lisa A., Xu, Xian, Labrada, Lyana N., et al.. "Hyaluronan (HA) Interacting Proteins RHAMM and Hyaluronidase Impact Prostate Cancer Cell Behavior and Invadopodia Formation in 3D HA-Based Hydrogels." <i>PLoS ONE,</i> 7, no. 11 (2012) Public Library of Science: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050075.
dc.identifier.digitalpone.0050075
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050075
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/96172
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science
dc.rightsThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
dc.titleHyaluronan (HA) Interacting Proteins RHAMM and Hyaluronidase Impact Prostate Cancer Cell Behavior and Invadopodia Formation in 3D HA-Based Hydrogels
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.dcmiText
dc.type.publicationpublisher version
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