Background: For conditionally automated driving, the driver is responsible for taking over vehicle control when the system reaches a limit. The objective of this paper was to synthesize what factors affect this takeover. Method: Out of 8,446 articles identified by a systematic literature search, 48 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Coded independent variables were time budget, non-driving related task engagement and resource demands, and information support. Coded dependent variables were takeover timing and quality measures. Results: Engaging in non-driving related tasks results in degraded takeover performance, particularly if it has overlapping resource demands with the driving task. Weak evidence suggests takeover performance is impaired with shorter time budgets. There is a lack of evidence that information support affects takeover performance. Conclusion: Future research and application should focus on providing the driver more time to take over or minimize the degradation of situation awareness while automation is active.