Brominated flame retardants in placental tissues: associations with infant sex and thyroid hormone endpoints

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dc.citation.journalTitleEnvironmental Healthen_US
dc.contributor.authorLeonetti, Christopheren_US
dc.contributor.authorButt, Craig M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHoffman, Kateen_US
dc.contributor.authorHammel, Stephanie C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMiranda, Marie L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorStapleton, Heather M.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-25T07:03:09Zen_US
dc.date.available2016-11-25T07:03:09Zen_US
dc.date.issued2016en_US
dc.date.updated2016-11-25T07:03:09Zen_US
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are endocrine disruptors that bioaccumulate in the placenta, but it remains unclear if they disrupt tissue thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism. Our primary goal was to investigate associations between placental BFRs, TH levels, Type 3 deiodinase (DIO3) activity and TH sulfotransferase (SULT) activities. Methods Placenta samples collected from 95 women who delivered term (>37 weeks) infants in Durham, NC, USA (enrolled 2010–2011) were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 2,4,6-tribromophenol (2,4,6-TBP), THs (T4, T3 and rT3), and DIO3 and TH SULT activities. Results PBDEs and 2,4,6-TBP were detected in all placenta samples. PBDEs were higher in placental tissues from male infants compared to female infants, with 2,4,6-TBP and BDE-209 levels approximately twice as high. Among male infants, placental BDE-99 and BDE-209 were negatively associated with rT3 placental levels. For female infants, placental BDE-99 and 2,4,6-TBP were positively associated with T3 concentrations. DIO3 activity was also significantly higher in placental tissues from male infants compared to females, while 3,3’-T2 SULT activity was significantly higher in placental tissues from females compared to males. Among males, several PBDE congeners were positively correlated with T3 SULT, while BDE-99 was negatively associated with T3 SULT among females. Associations generally remained after adjustment for potential confounding by maternal age and gestational age at delivery. Conclusions These results suggest BFRs accumulate in the placenta and potentially alter TH function in a sex-specific manner, a possible mechanism to explain the sex-dependent impacts of environmental exposure on children’s growth and development. More research is needed to elucidate the effects of BFRs on placenta function during pregnancy, as well as the biological consequences of exposure and thyroid disruption.en_US
dc.identifier.citationLeonetti, Christopher, Butt, Craig M., Hoffman, Kate, et al.. "Brominated flame retardants in placental tissues: associations with infant sex and thyroid hormone endpoints." <i>Environmental Health,</i> (2016) BioMed Central: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0199-8.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0199-8en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/92726en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_US
dc.rightsThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.en_US
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s).en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.titleBrominated flame retardants in placental tissues: associations with infant sex and thyroid hormone endpointsen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
local.sword.agentBioMed Centralen_US
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