A three-terminal magnetic thermal transistor

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dc.citation.articleNumber393en_US
dc.citation.journalTitleNature Communicationsen_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber14en_US
dc.contributor.authorCastelli, Lorenzoen_US
dc.contributor.authorZhu, Qingen_US
dc.contributor.authorShimokusu, Trevor J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWehmeyer, Geoffen_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-23T18:46:15Zen_US
dc.date.available2023-02-23T18:46:15Zen_US
dc.date.issued2023en_US
dc.description.abstractThree-terminal thermal analogies to electrical transistors have been proposed for use in thermal amplification, thermal switching, or thermal logic, but have not yet been demonstrated experimentally. Here, we design and fabricate a three-terminal magnetic thermal transistor in which the gate temperature controls the source-drain heat flow by toggling the source-drain thermal conductance from ON to OFF. The centimeter-scale thermal transistor uses gate-temperature dependent magnetic forces to actuate motion of a thermally conducting shuttle, providing thermal contact between source and drain in the ON state while breaking contact in the OFF state. We measure source-drain thermal switch ratios of 109 ± 44 in high vacuum with gate switching temperatures near 25 °C. Thermal measurements show that small heat flows into the gate can be used to drive larger heat flows from source to drain, and that the switching is reversible over >150 cycles. Proof-of-concept thermal circuit demonstrations show that magnetic thermal transistors can enable passive or active heat flow routing or can be combined to create Boolean thermal logic gates. This work will allow thermal researchers to explore the behavior of nonlinear thermal circuits using three-terminal transistors and will motivate further research developing thermal transistors for advanced thermal control.en_US
dc.identifier.citationCastelli, Lorenzo, Zhu, Qing, Shimokusu, Trevor J., et al.. "A three-terminal magnetic thermal transistor." <i>Nature Communications,</i> 14, (2023) Springer Nature: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36056-4.en_US
dc.identifier.digitals41467-023-36056-4en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36056-4en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/114482en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen_US
dc.rightsThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.titleA three-terminal magnetic thermal transistoren_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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