Fatty acids are considered as valuable compounds to have a potency to be diversified into other derivatives enzymatically or chemically. Due to increasing concern regarding soaring oil price and environmental crisis, alternative ways to reduce the dependency on petroleum have received much attention, of which biocatalyst processing has been the subject of intensive research as a bio-renewable approach. Our group has generated the platform to synthesize a wide range of fatty acids with tailored chain length and functional groups by using E. coli as a host. Considerable efforts have been made, and the corresponding improvement in the production of fatty acids has been achieved so far. Since this progress is limited to long chain length fatty acid in most cases, we have made an attempt to customize the chain length shorter than C12 by exploiting some strategies used in metabolic engineering. As a result of adopting many metabolic engineering strategies, we have found a significant improvement in the production of short chain fatty acids.