A spheroid toxicity assay using magnetic 3D bioprinting and real-time mobile device-based imaging

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dc.citation.articleNumber13987en_US
dc.citation.journalTitleScientific Reportsen_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber5en_US
dc.contributor.authorTseng, Huberten_US
dc.contributor.authorGage, Jacob A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorShen, Tsaiweien_US
dc.contributor.authorHaisler, William L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNeeley, Shane K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorShiao, Sueen_US
dc.contributor.authorChen, Jianboen_US
dc.contributor.authorDesai, Pujan K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLiao, Angelaen_US
dc.contributor.authorHebel, Chrisen_US
dc.contributor.authorRaphael, Robert M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBecker, Jeanne L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSouza, Glauco R.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-12T15:04:32Zen_US
dc.date.available2017-05-12T15:04:32Zen_US
dc.date.issued2015en_US
dc.description.abstractAn ongoing challenge in biomedical research is the search for simple, yet robust assays using 3D cell cultures for toxicity screening. This study addresses that challenge with a novel spheroid assay, wherein spheroids, formed by magnetic 3D bioprinting, contract immediately as cells rearrange and compact the spheroid in relation to viability and cytoskeletal organization. Thus, spheroid size can be used as a simple metric for toxicity. The goal of this study was to validate spheroid contraction as a cytotoxic endpoint using 3T3 fibroblasts in response to 5 toxic compounds (all-trans retinoic acid, dexamethasone, doxorubicin, 5′-fluorouracil, forskolin), sodium dodecyl sulfate (+control), and penicillin-G (−control). Real-time imaging was performed with a mobile device to increase throughput and efficiency. All compounds but penicillin-G significantly slowed contraction in a dose-dependent manner (Z’ = 0.88). Cells in 3D were more resistant to toxicity than cells in 2D, whose toxicity was measured by the MTT assay. Fluorescent staining and gene expression profiling of spheroids confirmed these findings. The results of this study validate spheroid contraction within this assay as an easy, biologically relevant endpoint for high-throughput compound screening in representative 3D environments.en_US
dc.identifier.citationTseng, Hubert, Gage, Jacob A., Shen, Tsaiwei, et al.. "A spheroid toxicity assay using magnetic 3D bioprinting and real-time mobile device-based imaging." <i>Scientific Reports,</i> 5, (2015) Springer Nature: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep13987.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep13987en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/94234en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen_US
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articleﾒs Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.titleA spheroid toxicity assay using magnetic 3D bioprinting and real-time mobile device-based imagingen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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