Molecular electronics sensors on a scalable semiconductor chip: A platform for single-molecule measurement of binding kinetics and enzyme activity

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dc.citation.articleNumbere2112812119
dc.citation.issueNumber5
dc.citation.journalTitleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
dc.citation.volumeNumber119
dc.contributor.authorFuller, Carl W.
dc.contributor.authorPadayatti, Pius S.
dc.contributor.authorAbderrahim, Hadi
dc.contributor.authorAdamiak, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorAlagar, Nolan
dc.contributor.authorAnanthapadmanabhan, Nagaraj
dc.contributor.authorBaek, Jihye
dc.contributor.authorChinni, Sarat
dc.contributor.authorChoi, Chulmin
dc.contributor.authorDelaney, Kevin J.
dc.contributor.authorDubielzig, Rich
dc.contributor.authorFrkanec, Julie
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, Chris
dc.contributor.authorGardner, Calvin
dc.contributor.authorGebhardt, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorGeiser, Tim
dc.contributor.authorGutierrez, Zachariah
dc.contributor.authorHall, Drew A.
dc.contributor.authorHodges, Andrew P.
dc.contributor.authorHou, Guangyuan
dc.contributor.authorJain, Sonal
dc.contributor.authorJones, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorLobaton, Raymond
dc.contributor.authorMajzik, Zsolt
dc.contributor.authorMarte, Allen
dc.contributor.authorMohan, Prateek
dc.contributor.authorMola, Paul
dc.contributor.authorMudondo, Paul
dc.contributor.authorMullinix, James
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, Thuan
dc.contributor.authorOllinger, Frederick
dc.contributor.authorOrr, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorOuyang, Yuxuan
dc.contributor.authorPan, Paul
dc.contributor.authorPark, Namseok
dc.contributor.authorPorras, David
dc.contributor.authorPrabhu, Keshav
dc.contributor.authorReese, Cassandra
dc.contributor.authorRuel, Travers
dc.contributor.authorSauerbrey, Trevor
dc.contributor.authorSawyer, Jaymie R.
dc.contributor.authorSinha, Prem
dc.contributor.authorTu, Jacky
dc.contributor.authorVenkatesh, A. G.
dc.contributor.authorVijayKumar, Sushmitha
dc.contributor.authorZheng, Le
dc.contributor.authorJin, Sungho
dc.contributor.authorTour, James M.
dc.contributor.authorChurch, George M.
dc.contributor.authorMola, Paul W.
dc.contributor.authorMerriman, Barry
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-24T13:31:45Z
dc.date.available2022-03-24T13:31:45Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractFor nearly 50 years, the vision of using single molecules in circuits has been seen as providing the ultimate miniaturization of electronic chips. An advanced example of such a molecular electronics chip is presented here, with the important distinction that the molecular circuit elements play the role of general-purpose single-molecule sensors. The device consists of a semiconductor chip with a scalable array architecture. Each array element contains a synthetic molecular wire assembled to span nanoelectrodes in a current monitoring circuit. A central conjugation site is used to attach a single probe molecule that defines the target of the sensor. The chip digitizes the resulting picoamp-scale current-versus-time readout from each sensor element of the array at a rate of 1,000 frames per second. This provides detailed electrical signatures of the single-molecule interactions between the probe and targets present in a solution-phase test sample. This platform is used to measure the interaction kinetics of single molecules, without the use of labels, in a massively parallel fashion. To demonstrate broad applicability, examples are shown for probe molecule binding, including DNA oligos, aptamers, antibodies, and antigens, and the activity of enzymes relevant to diagnostics and sequencing, including a CRISPR/Cas enzyme binding a target DNA, and a DNA polymerase enzyme incorporating nucleotides as it copies a DNA template. All of these applications are accomplished with high sensitivity and resolution, on a manufacturable, scalable, all-electronic semiconductor chip device, thereby bringing the power of modern chips to these diverse areas of biosensing.
dc.identifier.citationFuller, Carl W., Padayatti, Pius S., Abderrahim, Hadi, et al.. "Molecular electronics sensors on a scalable semiconductor chip: A platform for single-molecule measurement of binding kinetics and enzyme activity." <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,</i> 119, no. 5 (2022) National Academy of Sciences: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2112812119.
dc.identifier.digitalpnas-2112812119
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2112812119
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/112054
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciences
dc.rightsThis open access article is distributed under Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND).
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.titleMolecular electronics sensors on a scalable semiconductor chip: A platform for single-molecule measurement of binding kinetics and enzyme activity
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.dcmiText
dc.type.publicationpublisher version
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