Evidence for spatial clines and mixed geographic modes of speciation for North American cherry‐infesting Rhagoletis (Diptera: Tephritidae) flies

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dc.citation.firstpage12727en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber23en_US
dc.citation.journalTitleEcology and Evolutionen_US
dc.citation.lastpage12744en_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber10en_US
dc.contributor.authorDoellman, Meredith M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorJean, Gilbert Sainten_US
dc.contributor.authorEgan, Scott P.en_US
dc.contributor.authorPowell, Thomas H.Q.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHood, Glen Rayen_US
dc.contributor.authorSchuler, Hannesen_US
dc.contributor.authorBruzzese, Daniel J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGlover, Mary M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSmith, James J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorYee, Wee L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGoughnour, Robert B.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRull, Juanen_US
dc.contributor.authorAluja, Martinen_US
dc.contributor.authorFeder, Jeffrey L.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-16T19:47:21Zen_US
dc.date.available2020-12-16T19:47:21Zen_US
dc.date.issued2020en_US
dc.description.abstractAn important criterion for understanding speciation is the geographic context of population divergence. Three major modes of allopatric, parapatric, and sympatric speciation define the extent of spatial overlap and gene flow between diverging populations. However, mixed modes of speciation are also possible, whereby populations experience periods of allopatry, parapatry, and/or sympatry at different times as they diverge. Here, we report clinal patterns of variation for 21 nuclear‐encoded microsatellites and a wing spot phenotype for cherry‐infesting Rhagoletis (Diptera: Tephritidae) across North America consistent with these flies having initially diverged in parapatry followed by a period of allopatric differentiation in the early Holocene. However, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displays a different pattern; cherry flies at the ends of the clines in the eastern USA and Pacific Northwest share identical haplotypes, while centrally located populations in the southwestern USA and Mexico possess a different haplotype. We hypothesize that the mitochondrial difference could be due to lineage sorting but more likely reflects a selective sweep of a favorable mtDNA variant or the spread of an endosymbiont. The estimated divergence time for mtDNA suggests possible past allopatry, secondary contact, and subsequent isolation between USA and Mexican fly populations initiated before the Wisconsin glaciation. Thus, the current genetics of cherry flies may involve different mixed modes of divergence occurring in different portions of the fly's range. We discuss the need for additional DNA sequencing and quantification of prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive isolation to verify the multiple mixed‐mode hypothesis for cherry flies and draw parallels from other systems to assess the generality that speciation may commonly involve complex biogeographies of varying combinations of allopatric, parapatric, and sympatric divergence.en_US
dc.identifier.citationDoellman, Meredith M., Jean, Gilbert Saint, Egan, Scott P., et al.. "Evidence for spatial clines and mixed geographic modes of speciation for North American cherry‐infesting Rhagoletis (Diptera: Tephritidae) flies." <i>Ecology and Evolution,</i> 10, no. 23 (2020) Wiley: 12727-12744. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6667.en_US
dc.identifier.digitalece3-6667en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6667en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/109736en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.rightsThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.titleEvidence for spatial clines and mixed geographic modes of speciation for North American cherry‐infesting Rhagoletis (Diptera: Tephritidae) fliesen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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