A facile forward-genetic screen forﾠArabidopsisﾠautophagy mutants reveals twenty-one loss-of-function mutations disrupting sixﾠATGﾠgenes

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dc.citation.firstpage941
dc.citation.issueNumber6
dc.citation.journalTitleAutophagy
dc.citation.lastpage959
dc.citation.volumeNumber15
dc.contributor.authorYoung, Pierce G.
dc.contributor.authorPassalacqua, Michael J.
dc.contributor.authorChappell, Kevin
dc.contributor.authorLlinas, Roxanna J.
dc.contributor.authorBartel, Bonnie
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-01T17:55:07Z
dc.date.available2019-07-01T17:55:07Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractMacroautophagy is a process through which eukaryotic cells degrade large substrates including organelles, protein aggregates, and invading pathogens. Over 40 autophagy-related (ATG) genes have been identified through forward-genetic screens in yeast. Although homology-based analyses have identified conserved ATG genes in plants, only a few atg mutants have emerged from forward-genetic screens in Arabidopsis thaliana. We developed a screen that consistently recovers Arabidopsis atg mutations by exploiting mutants with defective LON2/At5g47040, a protease implicated in peroxisomal quality control. Arabidopsis lon2mutants exhibit reduced responsiveness to the peroxisomally-metabolized auxin precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), heightened degradation of several peroxisomal matrix proteins, and impaired processing of proteins harboring N-terminal peroxisomal targeting signals; these defects are ameliorated by preventing autophagy. We optimized a lon2 suppressor screen to expedite recovery of additional atg mutants. After screening mutagenized lon2-2 seedlings for restored IBA responsiveness, we evaluated stabilization and processing of peroxisomal proteins, levels of several ATG proteins, and levels of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1/At4g24690, which accumulates when autophagy is impaired. We recovered 21 alleles disrupting 6 ATG genes: ATG2/At3g19190, ATG3/At5g61500, ATG5/At5g17290, ATG7/At5g45900, ATG16/At5g50230, and ATG18a/At3g62770. Twenty alleles were novel, and 3 of the mutated genes lack T-DNA insertional alleles in publicly available repositories. We also demonstrate that an insertional atg11/At4g30790allele incompletely suppresses lon2 defects. Finally, we show that NBR1 is not necessary for autophagy of lon2 peroxisomes and that NBR1 overexpression is not sufficient to trigger autophagy of seedling peroxisomes, indicating that Arabidopsis can use an NBR1-independent mechanism to target peroxisomes for autophagic degradation.
dc.identifier.citationYoung, Pierce G., Passalacqua, Michael J., Chappell, Kevin, et al.. "A facile forward-genetic screen forﾠArabidopsisﾠautophagy mutants reveals twenty-one loss-of-function mutations disrupting sixﾠATGﾠgenes." <i>Autophagy,</i> 15, no. 6 (2019) Taylor & Francis: 941-959. https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2019.1569915.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2019.1569915
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/106117
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis
dc.rightsThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.keywordLON2 protease
dc.subject.keywordorganelle quality control
dc.subject.keywordpexophagy
dc.subject.keywordperoxisome turnover
dc.subject.keywordsuppressor genetics
dc.titleA facile forward-genetic screen forﾠArabidopsisﾠautophagy mutants reveals twenty-one loss-of-function mutations disrupting sixﾠATGﾠgenes
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.dcmiText
dc.type.publicationpublisher version
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