Pleozymes: Pleiotropic Oxidized Carbon Nanozymes Enhance Cellular Metabolic Flexibility

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dc.citation.articleNumber2017en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber24en_US
dc.citation.journalTitleNanomaterialsen_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber14en_US
dc.contributor.authorVo, Anh T. T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMouli, Karthiken_US
dc.contributor.authorLiopo, Anton V.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLorenzi, Philipen_US
dc.contributor.authorTan, Linen_US
dc.contributor.authorWei, Boen_US
dc.contributor.authorMartinez, Sara A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMcHugh, Emily A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorTour, James M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Uffafen_US
dc.contributor.authorDerry, Paul J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKent, Thomas A.en_US
dc.contributor.orgSmalley-Curl Institute;Rice Advanced Materials Institute;The NanoCarbon Centeren_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-09T20:17:03Zen_US
dc.date.available2025-01-09T20:17:03Zen_US
dc.date.issued2024en_US
dc.description.abstractOur group has synthesized a pleiotropic synthetic nanozyme redox mediator we term a “pleozyme” that displays multiple enzymatic characteristics, including acting as a superoxide dismutase mimetic, oxidizing NADH to NAD+, and oxidizing H2S to polysulfides and thiosulfate. Benefits have been seen in acute and chronic neurological disease models. The molecule is sourced from coconut-derived activated charcoal that has undergone harsh oxidization with fuming nitric acid, which alters the structure and chemical characteristics, yielding 3–8 nm discs with broad redox potential. Prior work showed pleozymes localize to mitochondria and increase oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Here, we measured cellular NAD+ and NADH levels after pleozyme treatment and observed increased total cellular NADH levels but not total NAD+ levels. A 13C-glucose metabolic flux analysis suggested pleozymes stimulate the generation of pyruvate and lactate glycolytically and from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, pointing to malate decarboxylation. Analysis of intracellular fatty acid abundances suggests pleozymes increased fatty acid β-oxidation, with a concomitant increase in succinyl- and acetyl-CoA. Pleozymes increased total ATP, potentially via flexible enhancement of NAD+-dependent catabolic pathways such as glycolysis, fatty acid β-oxidation, and metabolic flux through the TCA cycle. These effects may be favorable for pathologies that compromise metabolism such as brain injury.en_US
dc.identifier.citationVo, A. T. T., Mouli, K., Liopo, A. V., Lorenzi, P., Tan, L., Wei, B., Martinez, S. A., McHugh, E. A., Tour, J. M., Khan, U., Derry, P. J., & Kent, T. A. (2024). Pleozymes: Pleiotropic Oxidized Carbon Nanozymes Enhance Cellular Metabolic Flexibility. Nanomaterials, 14(24), Article 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14242017en_US
dc.identifier.digitalnanomaterials-14-02017-v2en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/nano14242017en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/118136en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rightsExcept where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Permission to reuse, publish, or reproduce the work beyond the terms of the license or beyond the bounds of fair use or other exemptions to copyright law must be obtained from the copyright holder.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.subject.keywordnanozymeen_US
dc.subject.keywordmitochondrial metabolismen_US
dc.subject.keywordNADHen_US
dc.subject.keywordfatty acid oxidationen_US
dc.subject.keywordoxidized activated carbon nanoparticlesen_US
dc.subject.keywordredox mediatoren_US
dc.titlePleozymes: Pleiotropic Oxidized Carbon Nanozymes Enhance Cellular Metabolic Flexibilityen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.publicationpublisher versionen_US
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