Hyaluronan: A simple polysaccharide with diverse biological functions

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dc.citation.firstpage1558
dc.citation.issueNumber4
dc.citation.journalTitleActa Biomaterialia
dc.citation.lastpage1570
dc.citation.volumeNumber10
dc.contributor.authorDicker, Kevin T.
dc.contributor.authorGurski, Lisa A.
dc.contributor.authorPradhan-Bhatt, Swati
dc.contributor.authorWitt, Robert L.
dc.contributor.authorFarach-Carson, Mary C.
dc.contributor.authorJia, Xinqiao
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-17T19:19:41Z
dc.date.available2017-08-17T19:19:41Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractHyaluronan (HA) is a linear polysaccharide with disaccharide repeats of d-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. It is evolutionarily conserved and abundantly expressed in the extracellular matrix (ECM), on the cell surface and even inside cells. Being a simple polysaccharide, HA exhibits an astonishing array of biological functions. HA interacts with various proteins or proteoglycans to organize the ECM and to maintain tissue homeostasis. The unique physical and mechanical properties of HA contribute to the maintenance of tissue hydration, the mediation of solute diffusion through the extracellular space and the lubrication of certain tissues. The diverse biological functions of HA are manifested through its complex interactions with matrix components and resident cells. Binding of HA with cell surface receptors activates various signaling pathways, which regulate cell function, tissue development, inflammation, wound healing and tumor progression and metastasis. Taking advantage of the inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability of HA, as well as its susceptibility to chemical modification, researchers have developed various HA-based biomaterials and tissue constructs with promising and broad clinical potential. This paper illustrates the properties of HA from a matrix biology perspective by first introducing the principles underlying the biosynthesis and biodegradation of HA, as well as the interactions of HA with various proteins and proteoglycans. It next highlights the roles of HA in physiological and pathological states, including morphogenesis, wound healing and tumor metastasis. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the roles of HA in various physiological processes can provide new insights and tools for the engineering of complex tissues and tissue models.
dc.identifier.citationDicker, Kevin T., Gurski, Lisa A., Pradhan-Bhatt, Swati, et al.. "Hyaluronan: A simple polysaccharide with diverse biological functions." <i>Acta Biomaterialia,</i> 10, no. 4 (2014) Elsevier: 1558-1570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.019.
dc.identifier.digitalHyaluronan
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.019
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/97337
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.rightsThis is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier.
dc.subject.keywordHyaluronan
dc.subject.keywordSynthase
dc.subject.keywordHyaluronidase
dc.subject.keywordHyaluronan Receptors
dc.subject.keywordHyaluronan Binding Proteins
dc.subject.keywordMorphogenesis
dc.subject.keywordWound Healing
dc.subject.keywordCancer
dc.subject.keywordTissue Engineering
dc.titleHyaluronan: A simple polysaccharide with diverse biological functions
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.dcmiText
dc.type.publicationpost-print
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