Differences between modern and ancient Martian grain size distributions may reveal different paleoatmospheric conditions and provenance

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dc.contributor.advisorSiebach, Kirstenen_US
dc.creatorPreston, Sarah Lucilleen_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-05T19:55:37Zen_US
dc.date.available2023-05-05T19:55:37Zen_US
dc.date.issued2023en_US
dc.description.abstractGrain size distributions in eolian (wind-blown) deposits encode information about the atmospheric conditions that enabled their transport and deposition, and grain shape encodes information about provenance and postdepositional processes. Gale crater is a ~3.7 Ga impact crater with a vast diversity of exposed sedimentary strata indicative of a varied depositional history during the ear ly Hesperian epochs (Banham et al., 2018). The Stimson sandstone is a ~3 Ga unit of eolian sandstone in Gale crater that appears to have a coarser grain size distribution than the nearby Bagnold Dunes, an active dune field (Banham et al., 2018; Weitz et al., 2018). In this work, I hypothesize that the Martian paleoatmosphere had a different density than Mars’ current atmosphere, and that the source of the Stimson sandstone may have been more coarse than the source of the Bagnold dunes, leading to ancient sandstones with different grain size distributions than modern active sand dunes. To approach this question, I analyze images from the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity’s Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) and Remote Micro Imager cameras to determine the grain size distribution of targets. Additionally, I qualitatively describe grain shape and appearance, including roundedness, sphericity, pitting, and color, along with chemical composition where possible, to determine whether differences in grain size distributions can be attributed to provenance. From these results, I explore the role of paleoclimate and provenance in generating the grain size distribution seen in the Stimson. These results will help determine the provenance of the Stimson, as well as ancient Martian atmospheric conditions, in turn providing insights into the wet-to-dry transition and, potentially, the habitability of ancient Mars.en_US
dc.format.extent44 ppen_US
dc.identifier.citationPreston, Sarah Lucille. "Differences between modern and ancient Martian grain size distributions may reveal different paleoatmospheric conditions and provenance." Undergraduate thesis, Rice University, 2023. https://doi.org/10.25611/ZQZG-5121.en_US
dc.identifier.digitalSarahPreston_EEPS_Senior_Thesisen_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.25611/ZQZG-5121en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/114875en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherRice Universityen_US
dc.rightsCopyright is held by authoren_US
dc.subjectMarsen_US
dc.subjectsedimentologyen_US
dc.subjectCuriosityen_US
dc.subjecteolianen_US
dc.subjectsanden_US
dc.subjectgeologyen_US
dc.subjectGale crateren_US
dc.subjectsandstoneen_US
dc.subjectdunesen_US
dc.titleDifferences between modern and ancient Martian grain size distributions may reveal different paleoatmospheric conditions and provenanceen_US
dc.type.dcmiTexten_US
dc.type.genreThesisen_US
thesis.degree.departmentEarth, Environmental and Planetary Sciencesen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineNatural Sciencesen_US
thesis.degree.grantorRice Universityen_US
thesis.degree.levelUndergraduateen_US
thesis.degree.nameSenior Honors Thesisen_US
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