Two-dimensional materials have been proposed as the basis of a number of upcoming applications due to their exciting electronic, optical, mechanical, and physico-chemical properties. This was experimentally demonstrated in the case of graphene, and followed by transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), atomically flat sheets whose two-dimensional forms impart great flexibility along with a range of electronic band-structures. However, unlike graphene, TMDCs boast of a variety of atomic combinations due to an assortment of transition metals and chalcogens. The first part of this thesis builds upon the previous thesis work of exploring the space of multi-component TMDC alloys by doping at both cation and anion sites via different methods of chemical vapor deposition. Various doping levels are explored and characterized to detect structural phase transformations and the rise of emergent properties. Further, the thermodynamic nature of alloy vs heterostructure formation in cation-doped TMDC system is explored for the first time. The second part of the thesis explores novel elemental and compound ultra-thin materials and their properties and their uniqueness in the ever-growing library of two dimensional materials.