This research offers an in-depth exploration of the formation of mossy structures in the electrochemical deposition of zinc and lithium, a phenomenon with significant implications for energy storage technologies. Utilizing nano-tomography, we present groundbreaking visualizations of mossy zinc growth and dissolution. This novel approach brings fresh perspectives to metal deposition mechanisms and electrolyte interactions, extending our understanding to include other metals like sodium.

Stress dynamics during the electrodeposition process are elucidated using Multi Optical Beam Stress Sensing (MOSS). Our findings demonstrate that plating stress, influenced by the type of electrolyte, plays a pivotal role in the formation of morphological instabilities. Through this, the research sheds light on the relationship between stress and morphology, contributing valuable insights into the engineering of next-generation rechargeable batteries.

Furthermore, the research delves into the morphological behaviors of lithium anode under varying experimental conditions—such as current density, seed layers, and formation cycles. The study not only highlights the adaptability of these metals but also outlines strategies to optimize their morphology, thereby enhancing Coulombic efficiency.

Collectively, this research fills critical gaps in the field of metal electrodeposition, offering innovative insights that have broad relevance in material science and the burgeoning field of energy storage solutions.