Co-Cultures of Articular Chondrocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

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dc.contributor.advisorMikos, Antonios G.en_US
dc.contributor.committeeMemberKasper, Kurten_US
dc.contributor.committeeMemberLudwig, Joseph A.en_US
dc.contributor.committeeMemberZygourakis, Kyriacosen_US
dc.creatorDahlin, Rebecca L.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-08-25T20:54:06Zen_US
dc.date.available2014-08-25T20:54:06Zen_US
dc.date.created2014-05en_US
dc.date.issued2014-04-24en_US
dc.date.submittedMay 2014en_US
dc.date.updated2014-08-25T20:54:07Zen_US
dc.description.abstractArticular cartilage lines the surfaces of synovial joints to protect underlying bone and provide a smooth surface for articulation. Damage to articular cartilage typically leads to long-term pain and disability, as current treatments are unable to fully restore the functional tissue. Thus, tissue engineers seek to develop technologies to enhance cartilage repair. This thesis investigated two strategies for cartilage engineering: flow perfusion bioreactor culture and co-cultures of chondrocytes with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). First, we designed a novel bioreactor and then investigated the effect of flow perfusion on chondrocytes when combined with chondrogenic stimuli, including hypoxia and transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3). We demonstrated that the combination of flow perfusion and hypoxic conditions enhanced proliferation, cartilage-like extracellular matrix production, and chondrogenic gene expression compared to perfusion alone. However, these results also demonstrated the need for a more potent chondrogenic stimulus, and thus the effect of perfusion with TGF-β3 was investigated on both chondrocytes and co-cultures of chondrocytes and MSCs. Here, we described the advantages of using exogenous growth factors in flow perfusion cultures, and the utility of flow perfusion for creating large tissue-engineered constructs. The second part of this thesis investigated co-cultures of chondrocytes and MSCs having the potential to reduce the demand for chondrocytes, which overcomes a significant challenge to current approaches toward cartilage repair. We first investigated the sensitivity of this cell population to TGF-β3 and then investigated the stability of the cell phenotype resulting from growth factor supplementation. The results demonstrated that co-cultures of chondrocytes and MSCs enable a reduced concentration and duration of TGF-β3 exposure to achieve an equivalent level of chondrogenesis compared to chondrocyte or MSC monocultures. Thus, the present work implicates that the promise of co-cultures for cartilage engineering is enhanced by their robust phenotype and heightened sensitivity to TGF-β3. The final section of this thesis investigated the ability of such co-cultures to repair cartilage in a rat osteochondral defect model. Here, it was demonstrated that co-cultures achieved equivalent cartilage repair compared to the chondrocytes, thus demonstrating the potential use of co-cultures of articular chondrocytes and MSCs for the in vivo repair of cartilage defects.en_US
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen_US
dc.identifier.citationDahlin, Rebecca L.. "Co-Cultures of Articular Chondrocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Tissue Engineering." (2014) Diss., Rice University. <a href="https://hdl.handle.net/1911/76707">https://hdl.handle.net/1911/76707</a>.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/76707en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsCopyright is held by the author, unless otherwise indicated. Permission to reuse, publish, or reproduce the work beyond the bounds of fair use or other exemptions to copyright law must be obtained from the copyright holder.en_US
dc.subjectCartilage tissue engineeringen_US
dc.subjectCo-culturesen_US
dc.subjectArticular chondrocytesen_US
dc.subjectMesenchymal stem cellsen_US
dc.subjectFlow perfusion bioreactoren_US
dc.titleCo-Cultures of Articular Chondrocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Tissue Engineeringen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
dc.type.materialTexten_US
thesis.degree.departmentBioengineeringen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineEngineeringen_US
thesis.degree.grantorRice Universityen_US
thesis.degree.levelDoctoralen_US
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophyen_US
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