The Brauer group of a variety often captures arithmetic information about the space. In this thesis, we study the Brauer group of a special kind of K3 surface, namely, a Kummer surface associated with a self-product of an elliptic curve over a number field with complex multiplication by a non-maximal order in an imaginary quadratic number field. Skorobogatov has conjectured that the Brauer group controls the existence of rational points on K3 surfaces. In practice, given a K3 surface, one often needs explicit descriptions of Brauer elements in order to study the behavior of rational points. The surfaces studied in this thesis have a geometrically rich structure that enables us to explicitly compute both the algebraic and transcendental Brauer groups over the rational numbers. Furthermore, over arbitrary number fields, we bound the transcendental Brauer group.