Major and trace element compositions and strontium, neodymium, and lead isotopic ratios of late Cenozoic mafic lavas from the northern Basin and Range
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During the late Cenozoic mafic lavas were emplaced contemporaneously with Basin and Range extension near Battle Mountain, Nevada. They display wide ranges in major and trace elements contents and Sr, Nd, and Pb ratios. The temporal and compositional characteristics of the basalts indicate that the effects of crustal contamination on the compositions of the younger lavas has decreased relative to the older lavas. Assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) modeling suggests that their compositional heterogeneity cannot be attributed solely to crustal contamination, and instead most likely reflects their derivation from a heterogeneous mantle source region.
Regional variations in the trace element ratios (Rb/La and Ba/Zr) and Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions of mafic lavas from the western U.S. indicate they were derived from a heterogeneous lithospheric mantle. Crustal contamination and subduction related processes appear to be unable to reproduce the range in
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Lum, Clinton Chew Lun. "Major and trace element compositions and strontium, neodymium, and lead isotopic ratios of late Cenozoic mafic lavas from the northern Basin and Range." (1992) Diss., Rice University. https://hdl.handle.net/1911/16558.