Micro to macro: Investigating magmatic processes from crystals to satellites

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dc.contributor.advisorLee, Cin-Ty Aen_US
dc.creatorPhelps, Patrick Richarden_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-03T22:36:00Zen_US
dc.date.available2023-01-03T22:36:00Zen_US
dc.date.created2022-12en_US
dc.date.issued2022-11-28en_US
dc.date.submittedDecember 2022en_US
dc.date.updated2023-01-03T22:36:00Zen_US
dc.description.abstractMagmatic systems are a source of both joy and trepidation for humankind, providing the valuable resources necessary for modern life yet producing hazards for those living near and far away. A better understanding of the processes that produce both the natural resources and the natural hazards that are inherent in magmatic systems is therefore important. In this dissertation, I explore the resources side by determining crystal growth rates in pegmatites and the hazards side by studying melt migration in crystal mushes to explain surface deformation. Pegmatites are rocks made up of large crystals (centimeter to meter scale) and are home to many economically essential elements. Ascertaining how quickly the crystals grow provides us with a better fundamental picture of how ore hosting pegmatites come to be. I show how micron-scale trace element profiles in quartz from the Stewart pegmatite are caused by crystal growth rates as fast as a meter per day. I also investigate lithium isotopes in the same quartz and whether their profiles also show signs of rapid growth. I find that the isotopes are more sensitive to changes in the amount of lithium remaining in the growth environment. Both trace elements and isotopes then lend separate insight into pegmatite formation overall. Surface uplift at a volcano is typically cause for alarm, raising the specter of an impending eruption. I demonstrate how surface uplift measured by satellite directly following the 2011-12 eruption at Cordon Caulle, Chile could have been caused by micro-scale melt migration from a crystal mush as opposed to recharge into the magma chamber from a deeper source. Crystal mushes are crystal rich structures filled with interstitial melt hypothesized to underlie compositionally evolved magmatic systems like Cordon Caulle. This melt segregation process changes how we consider surface uplift and its implications.en_US
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen_US
dc.identifier.citationPhelps, Patrick Richard. "Micro to macro: Investigating magmatic processes from crystals to satellites." (2022) Diss., Rice University. <a href="https://hdl.handle.net/1911/114193">https://hdl.handle.net/1911/114193</a>.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/114193en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsCopyright is held by the author, unless otherwise indicated. Permission to reuse, publish, or reproduce the work beyond the bounds of fair use or other exemptions to copyright law must be obtained from the copyright holder.en_US
dc.subjectPegmatitesen_US
dc.subjectcrystal growthen_US
dc.subjectquartzen_US
dc.subjectporoelasticityen_US
dc.subjectcrystal mushen_US
dc.titleMicro to macro: Investigating magmatic processes from crystals to satellitesen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
dc.type.materialTexten_US
thesis.degree.departmentEarth, Environmental and Planetary Sciencesen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineNatural Sciencesen_US
thesis.degree.grantorRice Universityen_US
thesis.degree.levelDoctoralen_US
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophyen_US
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