Bolted Joints finds ubiquitous applications in mechanical and allied industries, spanning from household appliances to advanced aerospace applications. The currently prevalent practice in the design industry, when it comes to bolted joints, is to over-design these components to a very large extent so one needs not pay too much attention to the exact physical properties of these joints, which are fundamentally nonlinear. The current study seeks to advance understanding of the fundamental physical phenomena typifying bolted joints through a two-pronged approach: theoretical and modeling. In the theoretical portion of the work, advances in computational modeling techniques pertinent to the nonlinear characterization of such structures, including a novel Nonlinear Modal Analysis (NMA) approach and interface reduction approaches, are presented which enable the studies in the final portion of the work. In the Modeling portion of the work, two approaches, an empirical and a physics-based approach, are presented. While in the former, the exact form of the contact representation is of secondary importance and the parameters are optimized against experimental data, the latter is an attempt at making blind predictions of the dynamics of a structure assembled through bolted joints. Additionally, the physics-based model is studied using an uncertainty quantification approach in order to throw light on the exact manner in which each parameter of the model influences the predictions. Finally, the thesis closes with recommendations for future work based on the investigations undertaken herein.