Bioengineering

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Browsing Bioengineering by Subject "AAV-CRISPR"

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    A Self-Deleting AAV-CRISPR System for In Vivo Genome Editing
    (Elsevier, 2019) Li, Ang; Lee, Ciaran M.; Hurley, Ayrea E.; Jarrett, Kelsey E.; De Giorgi, Marco; Lu, Weiqi; Balderrama, Karol S.; Doerfler, Alexandria M.; Deshmukh, Harshavardhan; Ray, Anirban; Bao, Gang; Lagor, William R.
    Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors packaging the CRISPR-Cas9 system (AAV-CRISPR) can efficiently modify disease-relevant genes in somatic tissues with high efficiency. AAV vectors are a preferred delivery vehicle for tissue-directed gene therapy because of their ability to achieve sustained expression from largely non-integrating episomal genomes. However, for genome editizng applications, permanent expression of non-human proteins such as the bacterially derived Cas9 nuclease is undesirable. Methods are needed to achieve efficient genome editing in vivo, with controlled transient expression of CRISPR-Cas9. Here, we report a self-deleting AAV-CRISPR system that introduces insertion and deletion mutations into AAV episomes. We demonstrate that this system dramatically reduces the level of Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 protein, often greater than 79%, while achieving high rates of on-target editing in the liver. Off-target mutagenesis was not observed for the self-deleting Cas9 guide RNA at any of the predicted potential off-target sites examined. This system is efficient and versatile, as demonstrated by robust knockdown of liver-expressed proteins in vivo. This self-deleting AAV-CRISPR system is an important proof of concept that will help enable translation of liver-directed genome editing in humans.