Browsing by Author "Zhang, Peisen"

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    Nanotechnology-enhanced immunotherapy for metastatic cancer
    (Elsevier, 2021) Zhang, Peisen; Meng, Junli; Li, Yingying; Yang, Chen; Hou, Yi; Tang, Wen; McHugh, Kevin J.; Jing, Lihong
    A vast majority of cancer deaths occur as a result of metastasis. Unfortunately, effective treatments for metastases are currently lacking due to the difficulty of selectively targeting these small, delocalized tumors distributed across a variety of organs. However, nanotechnology holds tremendous promise for improving immunotherapeutic outcomes in patients with metastatic cancer. In contrast to conventional cancer immunotherapies, rationally designed nanomaterials can trigger specific tumoricidal effects, thereby improving immune cell access to major sites of metastasis such as bone, lungs, and lymph nodes, optimizing antigen presentation, and inducing a persistent immune response. This paper reviews the cutting-edge trends in nano-immunoengineering for metastatic cancers with an emphasis on different nano-immunotherapeutic strategies. Specifically, it discusses directly reversing the immunological status of the primary tumor, harnessing the potential of peripheral immune cells, preventing the formation of a pre-metastatic niche, and inhibiting the tumor recurrence through postoperative immunotherapy. Finally, we describe the challenges facing the integration of nanoscale immunomodulators and provide a forward-looking perspective on the innovative nanotechnology-based tools that may ultimately prove effective at eradicating metastatic diseases.
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    Theranostic nanoparticles with disease-specific administration strategies
    (Elsevier, 2022) Zhang, Peisen; Li, Yingying; Tang, Wen; Zhao, Jie; Jing, Lihong; McHugh, Kevin J.
    Recent advances in the synthesis of nanomaterials with diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities have been rapidly reshaping the landscape of precision medicine. Impressive progress has been made toward the design and production of innovative theranostic nanomaterials to treat a variety of diseases, yet their potential is currently limited by low bioavailability, biocompatibility, or undesirable pharmacokinetics, hindering their widespread clinical implementation. Here, we summarize the state of the art for theranostic nanoparticles and discuss the diverse administration routes being used in the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. In addition to the most commonly used intravenous (IV) administration, newly emerging nanomaterial administration routes are described in depth to explore the potential benefits of these routes that can bypass biological barriers and thereby facilitate the delivery of nanoparticles to boost imaging sensitivity and therapeutic efficacy in specific use cases. Some of the biggest challenges facing nanoparticle delivery systems are site-specific targeting, controlled nanoparticle accumulation, and safe metabolic processing. By providing examples of their in vivo applications for various diseases, we highlight the benefits, challenges, and opportunities of theranostic nanoprobes and routes of administration to inform future nanoparticle design.