Browsing by Author "Singer, Jonathan P."

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    25th Anniversary Article: Ordered Polymer Structures for the Engineering of Photons and Phonons
    (Wiley, 2014) Lee, Jae-Hwang; Koh, Cheong Yang; Singer, Jonathan P.; Jeon, Seog-Jin; Maldovan, Martin; Stein, Ori; Thomas, Edwin L.
    The engineering of optical and acoustic material functionalities via construction of ordered local and global architectures on various length scales commensurate with and well below the characteristic length scales of photons and phonons in the material is an indispensable and powerful means to develop novel materials. In the current mature status of photonics, polymers hold a pivotal role in various application areas such as light-emission, sensing, energy, and displays, with exclusive advantages despite their relatively low dielectric constants. Moreover, in the nascent field of phononics, polymers are expected to be a superior material platform due to the ability for readily fabricated complex polymer structures possessing a wide range of mechanical behaviors, complete phononic bandgaps, and resonant architectures. In this review, polymer-centric photonic and phononic crystals and metamaterials are highlighted, and basic concepts, fabrication techniques, selected functional polymers, applications, and emerging ideas are introduced.
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    ADAM8 signaling drives neutrophil migration and ARDS severity
    (American Society for Clinical Investigation, 2022) Conrad, Catharina; Yildiz, Daniela; Cleary, Simon J.; Margraf, Andreas; Cook, Lena; Schlomann, Uwe; Panaretou, Barry; Bowser, Jessica L.; Karmouty-Quintana, Harry; Li, Jiwen; Berg, Nathaniel K.; Martin, Samuel C.; Aljohmani, Ahmad; Moussavi-Harami, S. Farshid; Wang, Kristin M.; Tian, Jennifer J.; Magnen, Mélia; Valet, Colin; Qiu, Longhui; Singer, Jonathan P.; Eltzschig, Holger K.; Bertrams, Wilhelm; Herold, Susanne; Suttorp, Norbert; Schmeck, Bernd; Ball, Zachary T.; Zarbock, Alexander; Looney, Mark R.; Bartsch, Jörg W.
    Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) results in catastrophic lung failure and has an urgent, unmet need for improved early recognition and therapeutic development. Neutrophil influx is a hallmark of ARDS and is associated with the release of tissue-destructive immune effectors, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and membrane-anchored metalloproteinase disintegrins (ADAMs). Here, we observed using intravital microscopy that Adam8–/– mice had impaired neutrophil transmigration. In mouse pneumonia models, both genetic deletion and pharmacologic inhibition of ADAM8 attenuated neutrophil infiltration and lung injury while improving bacterial containment. Unexpectedly, the alterations of neutrophil function were not attributable to impaired proteolysis but resulted from reduced intracellular interactions of ADAM8 with the actin-based motor molecule Myosin1f that suppressed neutrophil motility. In 2 ARDS cohorts, we analyzed lung fluid proteolytic signatures and identified that ADAM8 activity was positively correlated with disease severity. We propose that in acute inflammatory lung diseases such as pneumonia and ARDS, ADAM8 inhibition might allow fine-tuning of neutrophil responses for therapeutic gain.
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    Rapid fabrication of 3D terahertz split ring resonator arrays by novel single-shot direct write focused proximity field nanopatterning
    (Optical Society of America, 2012) Singer, Jonathan P.; Lee, Jae-Hwang; Kooi, Steven E.; Thomas, Edwin L.
    For the next generation of phoXonic, plasmonic, optomechanical and microfluidic devices, the capability to create 3D microstructures is highly desirable. Fabrication of such structures by conventional top-down techniques generally requires multiple timeconsuming steps and is limited in the ability to define features spanning multiple layers at prescribed angles. 3D direct write lithography (3DDW) has the capability to draw nearly arbitrary structures, but is an inherently slow serial writing process. Here we present a method, denoted focused proximity field nanopatterning (FPnP), that combines 3DDW with single or multiphoton interference lithography (IL). By exposing a thick photoresist layer having a phase mask pattern imprinted on its surface with a tightly focused laser beam, we produce locally unique complex structures. The morphology can be varied based on beam and mask parameters. Patterns may be written rapidly in a single shot mode with arbitrary positions defined by the direct write, thus exploiting the control of 3DDW with the enhanced speed of phase mask IL. Here we show the ability for this technique to rapidly produce arrays of “stand-up” far IR resonators.