Browsing by Author "Schwingshackl, Christoph W."

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    Experimental Investigation of Local Dynamics in a Bolted Lap Joint Using Digital Image Correlation
    (ASME, 2020) Brøns, Marie; Kasper, Thomas A.; Chauda, Gaurav; Klaassen, Steven W.B.; Schwingshackl, Christoph W.; Brake, Matthew R.W.
    The dynamics of structures with joints commonly show nonlinearity in their responses. This nonlinear behavior can arise from the local dynamics of the contact interfaces. The nonlinear mechanisms at an interface are complicated to study due to the lack of observability within the contact interface itself. In this work, digital image correlation (DIC) is used in combination with a high-speed camera to observe the local motion at the edge of the interface of a bolted lap joint. Results demonstrate that it is possible to use this technique to monitor the localized motion of an interface successfully. It is observed that the two beam parts of the studied lap joint separate when undergoing bending vibrations and that there is a clear asymmetry in the response of the left and the right end of the interface. Profilometry indicates that the asymmetry in the response is due to the mesoscale topography of the contact interface, highlighting the importance of accounting for surface features in order to model the nonlinearities of a contact interface accurately.
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    Measurement and identification of the nonlinear dynamics of a jointed structure using full-field data, Part I: Measurement of nonlinear dynamics
    (Elsevier, 2022) Chen, Wei; Jana, Debasish; Singh, Aryan; Jin, Mengshi; Cenedese, Mattia; Kosova, Giancarlo; Brake, Matthew R.W.; Schwingshackl, Christoph W.; Nagarajaiah, Satish; Moore, Keegan J.; Noël, Jean-Philippe
    Jointed structures are ubiquitous constituents of engineering systems; however, their dynamic properties (e.g., natural frequencies and damping ratios) are challenging to identify correctly due to the complex, nonlinear nature of interfaces. This research seeks to extend the efficacy of traditional experimental methods for linear system identification (such as impact testing, shaker ringdown testing, random excitation, and force or amplitude-control stepped sine testing) on nonlinear jointed systems, e.g., the half Brake–Reuß beam, by augmenting them with full-field data collected by high-speed videography. The full-field response is acquired using high-speed cameras combined with Digital Image Correlation (DIC), which enables studying the spatial–temporal dynamic characteristics of the system. As this is a video-based experiment, additional constraints are attached to the beam at the node points to remove the rigid body motion, which ensures that the beam is in the view of the camera during the entire test. The use of a video-based method introduces new sources of experimental error, such as noise from the high-speed camera’s fan and electrical noise, and so the measurement accuracy of DIC is validated using accelerometer data. After validating the DIC data, the measurements are recorded for several types of excitation, including hammer testing, shaker ringdown testing, fixed sine testing, and stepped sine testing. Using the DIC data to augment standard nonlinear system identification techniques, modal coupling and the mode shapes’ evolution are investigated. The suitability of videography methods for nonlinear system identification of nonlinear beams is explored for the first time in this paper, and recommendations for techniques to facilitate this process are made. This article focuses on developing an accurate data collection methodology as well as recommendations for nonlinear testing with DIC, which paves the way for video-based investigation of nonlinear system identification. In Part-II (Jin et al., 2021) of this work, the same data set is used for a rigorous assessment of nonlinear system identification with full-field DIC data.
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    Measurement and identification of the nonlinear dynamics of a jointed structure using full-field data; Part II - Nonlinear system identification
    (Elsevier, 2022) Jin, Mengshi; Kosova, Giancarlo; Cenedese, Mattia; Chen, Wei; Singh, Aryan; Jana, Debasish; Brake, Matthew R.W.; Schwingshackl, Christoph W.; Nagarajaiah, Satish; Moore, Keegan J.; Noël, Jean-Philippe
    The dynamic responses of assembled structures are greatly affected by the mechanical joints, which are often the cause of nonlinear behavior. To better understand and, in the future, tailor the nonlinearities, accurate methods are needed to characterize the dynamic properties of jointed structures. In this paper, the nonlinear characteristics of a jointed beam is studied with the help of multiple identification methods, including the Hilbert Transform method, Peak Finding and Fitting method, Dynamic Mode Decomposition method, State-Space Spectral Submanifold, and Wavelet-Bounded Empirical Mode Decomposition method. The nonlinearities are identified by the responses that are measured via accelerometers in a series of experiments that consist of hammer testing, shaker ringdown testing, and response/force-control stepped sine testing. In addition to accelerometers, two high-speed cameras are used to capture the motion of the whole structure during the shaker ringdown testing. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is then adopted to obtain the displacement responses and used to determine the mode shapes of the jointed beam. The accuracy of the DIC data is validated by the comparison between the identification results of acceleration and displacement signals. As enabled by full-field data, the energy-dependent characteristics of the structure are also presented. The setup of the different experiments is described in detail in Part I (Chen et al., 2021) of this research. The focus of this paper is to compare nonlinear system identification methods applied to different measurement techniques and to exploit the use of high spatial resolution data.
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    On the Characterization of Nonlinearities in Assembled Structures
    (ASME, 2020) Smith, Scott A.; Brake, Matthew R.W.; Schwingshackl, Christoph W.
    This work refines a recently formalized methodology proposed by D.J. Ewins consisting of ten steps for model validation of nonlinear structures. This work details, through a series of experimental studies, that many standard test setup assumptions that are made when performing dynamic testing are invalid and need to be evaluated for each structure. The invalidation of the standard assumptions is due to the presence of nonlinearities, both known and unrecognized in the system. Complicating measurements, many nonlinearities are currently characterized as constant properties instead of variables that exhibit dependency on system hysteresis and actuation amplitude. This study reviews current methods for characterizing nonlinearities and outlines gaps in the approaches. A brief update to the CONCERTO method, based on the accelerance of a system, is derived for characterizing a system’s nonlinearities. Finally, this study ends with an updated methodology for model validation and the ramifications for modeling assemblies with nonlinearities are discussed.