Browsing by Author "Kilcullen, Molly P."

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    The Safer Culture Framework: An Application to Healthcare Based on a Multi-Industry Review of Safety Culture Literature
    (Sage, 2022) Kilcullen, Molly P.; Bisbey, Tiffany M.; Ottosen, Madelene J.; Tsao, Kuojen; Salas, Eduardo; Thomas, Eric J.
    Background: Errors and preventable harm to patients remain regrettably common and expensive in healthcare. Improvement requires transforming the culture of the healthcare industry to put a greater emphasis on safety. Safety culture involves holding collective attitudes, values, and behaviors that prioritize safety. The Safer Culture framework, previously established through a narrative review of literature in multiple industries, provides a consensus on what impacts safety culture, how it manifests in behavior, and how it influences safety-related outcomes. Methods: Through a theoretical review, we validate, refine, and provide nuance to this framework for the development of safety culture in healthcare contexts. To accomplish this, we conceptually map existing dimensions pulled through the literature onto our Safer Culture framework. Results: A total of 360 articles were reviewed. We present specific elements for each dimension in our framework and apply the dimension to healthcare contexts. Conclusion: We provide an evidence-based and comprehensive framework that can be used by patient safety leaders and researchers to guide the evaluation of safety culture and develop interventions to foster patient safety culture and improve patient safety outcomes.
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    The Study of Teamwork Processes Within the Dynamic Domains of Healthcare: A Systematic and Taxonomic Review
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Dinh, Julie V.; Schweissing, Ethan J.; Venkatesh, Akshaya; Traylor, Allison M.; Kilcullen, Molly P.; Perez, Joshua A.; Salas, Eduardo
    Teamwork in healthcare is particularly salient in the dynamic domains of critical care: emergency medicine, surgery, and trauma and resuscitation. Within and across these services, teams must be coordinated to provide optimal care in order to provide optimal delivery of health care. Although many disciplines study teamwork, it is unclear how scholars and clinicians conceptualize, study, and apply these processes. The current systematic review investigates how these fields 1) study teams through the application of a teamwork processes rubric and 2) distinguish themselves from other medical disciplines through the empirical research. We drew upon a taxonomy of teamwork processes (Marks et al., Acad. Manag. Rev. 26, 356 ‐376; LePine et al., Person. Psychol. 61, 273 ‐307), operationalizing transition, action, and interpersonal processes, to guide this work. Overall, the dynamic domains of literature studied teamwork processes at high rates, relative to other medical fields. Specifically, they were strongly associated with transition and action processes and the content areas of leadership and performance. Given these emphases, research and practical interventions may want to focus on more interpersonal and collaborative approaches in teamwork