Browsing by Author "Kadria-Vili, Yara"

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    A Detailed Clinical Case of Localized Prostate Tumors Treated with Nanoparticle-Assisted Sub-Ablative Laser Ablation
    (MDPI, 2024) Kadria-Vili, Yara; Schwartz, Jon A.; Polascik, Thomas J.; Goodrich, Glenn P.; Jorden, David; Pinder, Diane; Halas, Naomi J.; Rastinehad, Ardeshir R.; Laboratory for Nanophotonics
    AuroLase® Therapy—a nanoparticle-enabled focal therapy—has the potential to safely and effectively treat localized prostate cancer (PCa), preserving baseline functionality. This article presents a detailed case of localized PCa treated with AuroLase, providing insight on expectations from the diagnosis of PCa to one year post-treatment. AuroLase Therapy is a two-day treatment consisting of a systemic infusion of gold nanoshells (~150-nm hydrodynamic diameter) on Day 1, and sub-ablative laser treatment on Day 2. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) was used for tumor visualization, treatment planning, and therapy response assessment. The PCa was targeted with a MR/Ultrasound-fusion (MR/US) transperineal approach. Successful treatment was confirmed at 6 and 12 months post-treatment by the absence of disease in MR/US targeted biopsies. On the mpMRI, confined void space was evident, an indication of necrotic tissues encompassing the treated lesion, which was completely resolved at 12 months, forming a band-like scar with no evidence of recurrent tumor. The patient’s urinary and sexual functions were unchanged. During the one-year follow-up, changes on the DCE sequence and in the Ktrans and ADC values assist in qualitatively and quantitatively evaluating tissue changes. The results highlight the potential of gold-nanoparticle-enabled sub-ablative laser treatment to target and control localized PCa, maintain quality of life, and preserve baseline functionality.
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    Assessing Inhomogeneity in Sorted Samples of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes through Fluorescence and Variance Spectroscopy
    (The Electrochemical Society, 2017) Kadria-Vili, Yara; Sanchez, Stephen R.; Bachilo, Sergei M.; Weisman, R. Bruce
    Detailed spectroscopic analysis has been used to study the homogeneity of single-walled carbon nanotube fractions carefully prepared by nonlinear density gradient ultracentrifugation sorting. Two distinct colored bands containing (6,5) enantiomers were subdivided into several extracted fractions that were separately diluted with sodium cholate surfactant and characterized by fluorescence, absorption, and variance spectroscopy. Values were measured for emission and absorption peak positions, Stokes shifts, emission peak widths, and emissive quantum yields. In addition, variance data were used to find relative emission per nanotube and to plot covariance slices representing homogeneous emission spectra. It was found that emission from SWCNTs within the upper enantiomer band shifts to shorter wavelengths with increasing depth in the centrifuge tube. In the lower enantiomer band such spectral shifts were not observed, but the emissive quantum yields decreased with depth. Variance analysis revealed spectral differences among SWCNTs within the same fraction of the same band. It is concluded that current methods for density gradient ultracentrifugation sorting produce samples that retain measurable structural and spectral inhomogeneities.
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    High Precision Fractionator for use with Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation
    (American Chemical Society, 2014) Kadria-Vili, Yara; Canning, Griffin; Bachilo, Sergei M.; Weisman, R. Bruce; Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology
    The recent application of density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU) for structural sorting of single-walled carbon nanotube samples has created a need for highly selective extraction of closely spaced layers formed in the centrifuged tube. We describe a novel computer-controlled device designed for this purpose. Through the use of fine needles, systematic needle motions, and slow flow rates, multiple sample layers can be aspirated under program control with minimal cross contamination between layers. The fractionator’s performance is illustrated with DGU-sorted samples of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
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    (n,m)-Specific Absorption Cross Sections of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Measured by Variance Spectroscopy
    (American Chemical Society, 2016) Sanchez, Stephen R.; Bachilo, Sergei M.; Kadria-Vili, Yara; Lin, Ching-Wei; Weisman, R. Bruce; Smalley-Curl Institute
    A new method based on variance spectroscopy has enabled the determination of absolute absorption cross sections for the first electronic transition of 12 (n,m) structural species of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Spectrally resolved measurements of fluorescence variance in dilute bulk samples provided particle number concentrations of specific SWCNT species. These values were converted to carbon concentrations and correlated with resonant components in the absorbance spectrum to deduce (n,m)-specific absorption cross sections (absorptivities) for nanotubes ranging in diameter from 0.69 to 1.03 nm. The measured cross sections per atom tend to vary inversely with nanotube diameter and are slightly greater for structures ofﾠmod 1ﾠtype than forﾠmod 2. Directly measured and extrapolated values are now available to support quantitative analysis of SWCNT samples through absorption spectroscopy.