Browsing by Author "Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A."
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Item Analytic energy gradient for the projected Hartree–Fock method(AIP Publishing, 2014) Schutski, Roman; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.We derive and implement the analytic energy gradient for the symmetry Projected Hartree–Fock (PHF) method avoiding the solution of coupled-perturbed HF-like equations, as in the regular unprojected method. Our formalism therefore has mean-field computational scaling and cost, despite the elaborate multi-reference character of the PHF wave function. As benchmark examples, we here apply our gradient implementation to the ortho-, meta-, and para-benzyne biradicals, and discuss their equilibrium geometries and vibrational frequencies.Item Capturing static and dynamic correlations by a combination of projected Hartree-Fock and density functional theories(American Institute of Physics, 2013) Garza, Alejandro J.; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.This paper explores the possibility of combining projected Hartree-Fock and density functional theories for treating static and dynamic correlations in molecular systems with mean-field computational cost. The combination of spin-projected unrestricted Hartree-Fock (SUHF) with the TPSS correlation functional (SUHF+TPSS) yields excellent results for non-metallic molecular dissociations and singlet-triplet splittings. However, SUHF+TPSS fails to provide the qualitatively correct dissociation curve for the notoriously difficult case of the chromium dimer. By tuning the TPSS correlation parameters and adding complex conjugation symmetry breaking and restoration to SUHF, the right curve shape for Cr2 can be obtained; unfortunately, such a combination is found to lead to overcorrelation in the general case.Item Cluster-based mean-field and perturbative description of strongly correlated fermion systems: Application to the one- and two-dimensional Hubbard model(American Physical Society, 2015) Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.We introduce a mean-field and a perturbative approach, based on clusters, to describe the ground state of fermionic strongly correlated systems. In the cluster mean-field approach, the ground-state wave function is written as a simple tensor product over optimized cluster states. The optimization of the single-particle basis where the cluster mean field is expressed is crucial in order to obtain high-quality results. The mean-field nature of the Ansatz allows us to formulate a perturbative approach to account for intercluster correlations; other traditional many-body strategies can be easily devised in terms of the cluster states. We present benchmark calculations on the half-filled 1D and (square) 2D Hubbard model, as well as the lightly doped regime in 2D, using cluster mean-field and second-order perturbation theory. Our results indicate that, with sufficiently large clusters or to second-order in perturbation theory, a cluster-based approach can provide an accurate description of the Hubbard model in the considered regimes. Several avenues to improve upon the results presented in this work are discussed.Item Electronic correlation without double counting via a combination of spin projected Hartree-Fock and density functional theories(AIP Publishing LLC, 2014) Garza, Alejandro J.; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.Several schemes to avoid the double counting of correlations in methods that merge multireference wavefunctions with density functional theory (DFT) are studied and here adapted to a combination of spin-projected Hartree-Fock (SUHF) and DFT. The advantages and limitations of the new method, denoted SUHF+fcDFT, are explored through calculations on benchmark sets in which the accounting of correlations is challenging for pure SUHF or DFT. It is shown that SUHF+fcDFT can greatly improve the description of certain molecular properties (e.g., singlet-triplet energy gaps) which are not improved by simple addition of DFT dynamical correlation to SUHF. However, SUHF+fcDFT is also shown to have difficulties dissociating certain types of bonds and describing highly charged ions with static correlation. Possible improvements to the current SUHF+fcDFT scheme are discussed in light of these results.Item Excited electronic states from a variational approach based on symmetry-projected Hartree–Fock configurations(American Institute of Physics, 2013) Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Rodríguez-Guzmán, R.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.Recent work from our research group has demonstrated that symmetry-projected Hartree–Fock (HF) methods provide a compact representation of molecular ground state wavefunctions based on a superposition of non-orthogonal Slater determinants. The symmetry-projected ansatz can account for static correlations in a computationally efficient way. Here we present a variational extension of this methodology applicable to excited states of the same symmetry as the ground state. Benchmark calculations on the C2 dimer with a modest basis set, which allows comparison with full configuration interaction results, indicate that this extension provides a high quality description of the low-lying spectrum for the entire dissociation profile. We apply the same methodology to obtain the full low-lying vertical excitation spectrum of formaldehyde, in good agreement with available theoretical and experimental data, as well as to a challenging model C2v insertion pathway for BeH2. The variational excited state methodology developed in this work has two remarkable traits: it is fully black-box and will be applicable to fairly large systems thanks to its mean-field computational cost.Item Lie algebraic similarity transformed Hamiltonians for lattice model systems(American Physical Society, 2015) Wahlen-Strothman, Jacob M.; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Henderson, Thomas M.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.We present a class of Lie algebraic similarity transformations generated by exponentials of two-body on-site Hermitian operators whose Hausdorff series can be summed exactly without truncation. The correlators are defined over the entire lattice and include the Gutzwiller factor ni↑ni↓, and two-site products of density (ni↑+ni↓) and spin (ni↑−ni↓) operators. The resulting non-Hermitian many-body Hamiltonian can be solved in a biorthogonal mean-field approach with polynomial computational cost. The proposed similarity transformation generates locally weighted orbital transformations of the reference determinant. Although the energy of the model is unbound, projective equations in the spirit of coupled cluster theory lead to well-defined solutions. The theory is tested on the one- and two-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model where it yields accurate results for small and medium sized interaction strengths.Item Multi-component symmetry-projected approach for molecular ground state correlations(American Institute of Physics, 2013) Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Rodríguez-Guzmán, R.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.The symmetry-projected Hartree–Fock ansatz for the electronic structure problem can efficiently account for static correlation in molecules, yet it is often unable to describe dynamic correlation in a balanced manner. Here, we consider a multi-component, systematically improvable approach, that accounts for all ground state correlations. Our approach is based on linear combinations of symmetry-projected configurations built out of a set of non-orthogonal, variationally optimized determinants. The resulting wavefunction preserves the symmetries of the original Hamiltonian even though it is written as a superposition of deformed (broken-symmetry) determinants. We show how short expansions of this kind can provide a very accurate description of the electronic structure of simple chemical systems such as the nitrogen and the water molecules, along the entire dissociation profile. In addition, we apply this multi-component symmetry-projected approach to provide an accurate interconversion profile among the peroxo and bis(μ-oxo) forms of [Cu2O2]2+, comparable to other state-of-the-art quantum chemical methods.Item Multireference symmetry-projected variational approximation for the ground state of the doped one-dimensional Hubbard model(American Physical Society, 2014) Rodríguez-Guzmán, R.; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.The few determinant (FED) approximation introduced in our previous work [Phys. Rev. B 87, 235129 (2013)] is used to describe the ground state, characterized by well-defined spin and space group symmetry quantum numbers as well as doping fractions Ne/Nsites, of one-dimensional Hubbard lattices with nearest-neighbor hopping and periodic boundary conditions. Within this multireference scheme, each ground state is expanded in a given number of nonorthogonal and variationally determined symmetry-projected configurations. The results obtained for the ground-state and correlation energies of half-filled and doped lattices with 30, 34, and 50 sites compare well with the exact Lieb-Wu solutions as well as with those obtained with other state-of-the-art approximations. The structure of the intrinsic symmetry-broken determinants resulting from the variational procedure is interpreted in terms of solitons whose translational and breathing motions can be regarded as basic units of quantum fluctuations. It is also shown that in the case of doped one-dimensional lattices, a part of such fluctuations can also be interpreted in terms of polarons. In addition to momentum distributions, both spin-spin and density-density correlation functions are studied as functions of doping. The spectral functions and density of states, computed with an ansatz whose quality can be well controlled by the number of symmetry-projected configurations used to approximate the Ne±1 electron systems, display features beyond a simple quasiparticle distribution, as well as spin-charge separation trends.Item Projected Hartree–Fock theory(AIP Publishing LLC, 2012) Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Henderson, Thomas M.; Tsuchimochi, Takashi; Scuseria, Gustavo E.Projected Hartree–Fock (PHF) theory has a long history in quantum chemistry. PHF is here understood as the variational determination of an N-electron broken symmetry Slater determinant that minimizes the energy of a projected state with the correct quantum numbers. The method was actively pursued for several decades but seems to have been abandoned. We here derive and implement a “variation after projection” PHF theory using techniques different from those previously employed in quantum chemistry. Our PHF methodology has modest mean-field computational cost, yields relatively simple expressions, can be applied to both collinear and non-collinear spin cases, and can be used in conjunction with deliberate symmetry breaking and restoration of other molecular symmetries like complex conjugation and point group. We present several benchmark applications to dissociation curves and singlet-triplet energy splittings, showing that the resulting PHF wavefunctions are of high quality multireference character. We also provide numerical evidence that in the thermodynamic limit, the energy in PHF is not lower than that of broken-symmetry HF, a simple consequence of the lack of size consistency and extensivity of PHF.Item Proper and improper zero energy modes in Hartree-Fock theory and their relevance for symmetry breaking and restoration(American Institute of Physics, 2013) Cui, Yao; Bulik, Ireneusz W.; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Henderson, Thomas M.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.We study the spectra of the molecular orbital Hessian (stability matrix) and random-phase approximation (RPA) Hamiltonian of broken-symmetry Hartree-Fock solutions, focusing on zero eigenvalue modes. After all negative eigenvalues are removed from the Hessian by following their eigenvectors downhill, one is left with only positive and zero eigenvalues. Zero modes correspond to orbital rotations with no restoring force. These rotations determine states in the Goldstone manifold, which originates from a spontaneously broken continuous symmetry in the wave function. Zero modes can be classified as improper or proper according to their different mathematical and physical properties. Improper modes arise from symmetry breaking and their restoration always lowers the energy. Proper modes, on the other hand, correspond to degeneracies of the wave function, and their symmetry restoration does not necessarily lower the energy. We discuss how the RPA Hamiltonian distinguishes between proper and improper modes by doubling the number of zero eigenvalues associated with the latter. Proper modes in the Hessian always appear in pairs which do not double in RPA. We present several pedagogical cases exemplifying the above statements. The relevance of these results for projected Hartree-Fock methods is also addressed.Item Solutions of the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model: Benchmarks and Results from a Wide Range of Numerical Algorithms(American Physical Society, 2015) LeBlanc, J.P.F.; Antipov, Andrey E.; Becca, Federico; Bulik, Ireneusz W.; Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic; Chung, Chia-Min; Deng, Youjin; Ferrero, Michel; Henderson, Thomas M.; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Kozik, E.; Liu, Xuan-Wen; Millis, Andrew J.; Prokof’ev, N.V.; Qin, Mingpu; Scuseria, Gustavo E.; Shi, Hao; Svistunov, B.V.; Tocchio, Luca F.; Tupitsyn, I.S.; White, Steven R.; Zhang, Shiwei; Zheng, Bo-Xiao; Zhu, Zhenyue; Gull, Emanuel; Simons Collaboration on the Many-Electron ProblemNumerical results for ground-state and excited-state properties (energies, double occupancies, and Matsubara-axis self-energies) of the single-orbital Hubbard model on a two-dimensional square lattice are presented, in order to provide an assessment of our ability to compute accurate results in the thermodynamic limit. Many methods are employed, including auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo, bare and bold-line diagrammatic Monte Carlo, method of dual fermions, density matrix embedding theory, density matrix renormalization group, dynamical cluster approximation, diffusion Monte Carlo within a fixed-node approximation, unrestricted coupled cluster theory, and multireference projected Hartree-Fock methods. Comparison of results obtained by different methods allows for the identification of uncertainties and systematic errors. The importance of extrapolation to converged thermodynamic-limit values is emphasized. Cases where agreement between different methods is obtained establish benchmark results that may be useful in the validation of new approaches and the improvement of existing methods.Item Symmetry-projected wave functions in quantum Monte Carlo calculations(American Physical Society, 2014) Shi, Hao; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Rodríguez-Guzmán, R.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.; Zhang, ShiweiWe consider symmetry-projected Hartree-Fock trial wave functions in constrained-path Monte Carlo (CPMC) calculations. Previous CPMC calculations have mostly employed Hartree-Fock (HF) trial wave functions, restricted or unrestricted. The symmetry-projected HF approach results in a hierarchy of wave functions with increasing quality: the more symmetries that are broken and restored in a self-consistent manner, the higher the quality of the trial wave function. This hierarchy is approximately maintained in CPMC calculations: the accuracy in the energy increases and the statistical variance decreases when further symmetries are broken and restored. Significant improvement is achieved in CPMC with the best symmetry-projected trial wave functions over those from simple HF. We analyze and quantify the behavior using the two-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model as an example. In the sign-problem-free region, where CPMC can be made exact but a constraint is deliberately imposed here, spin-projected wave functions remove the constraint bias. Away from half filling, spatial symmetry restoration in addition to that of the spin leads to highly accurate results from CPMC. Since the computational cost of symmetry-projected HF trial wave functions in CPMC can be made to scale algebraically with system size, this provides a potentially general approach for accurate calculations in many-fermion systems.Item Towards the Solution of the Many-Electron Problem in Real Materials: Equation of State of the Hydrogen Chain with State-of-the-Art Many-Body Methods(American Physical Society, 2017) Motta, Mario; Ceperley, David M.; Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic; Gomez, John A.; Gull, Emanuel; Guo, Sheng; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Lan, Tran Nguyen; Li, Jia; Ma, Fengjie; Millis, Andrew J.; Prokof’ev, Nikolay V.; Ray, Ushnish; Scuseria, Gustavo E.; Sorella, Sandro; Stoudenmire, Edwin M.; Sun, Qiming; Tupitsyn, Igor S.; White, Steven R.; Zgid, Dominika; Zhang, ShiweiWe present numerical results for the equation of state of an infinite chain of hydrogen atoms. A variety of modern many-body methods are employed, with exhaustive cross-checks and validation. Approaches for reaching the continuous space limit and the thermodynamic limit are investigated, proposed, and tested. The detailed comparisons provide a benchmark for assessing the current state of the art in many-body computation, and for the development of new methods. The ground-state energy per atom in the linear chain is accurately determined versus bond length, with a confidence bound given on all uncertainties.Item Variational description of the ground state of the repulsive two-dimensional Hubbard model in terms of nonorthogonal symmetry-projected Slater determinants(American Physical Society, 2014) Rodríguez-Guzmán, R.; Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.; Scuseria, Gustavo E.The few-determinant (FED) methodology, introduced in our previous works [R. Rodríguez-Guzmán et al., Phys. Rev. B 87, 235129 (2013); Phys. Rev. B 89, 195109 (2014)] for one-dimensional (1D) lattices, is here adapted for the repulsive two-dimensional Hubbard model at half filling and with finite doping fractions. Within this configuration mixing scheme, a given ground state with well-defined spin and space group quantum numbers is expanded in terms of a nonorthogonal symmetry-projected basis determined through chains of variation-after-projection calculations. The results obtained for the ground-state and correlation energies of half-filled and doped 4×4,6×6,8×8, and 10×10 lattices, as well as momentum distributions and spin-spin correlation functions in small lattices, compare well with those obtained using other state-of-the-art approximations. The structure of the intrinsic determinants resulting from the variational strategy is interpreted in terms of defects that encode information on the basic units of quantum fluctuations in the considered 2D systems. The varying nature of the underlying quantum fluctuations, reflected in a transition to a stripe regime for increasing on-site repulsions, is discussed using the intrinsic determinants belonging to a 16×4 lattice with 56 electrons. Such a transition is further illustrated by computing spin-spin and charge-charge correlation functions with the corresponding multireference FED wave functions. In good agreement with previous studies, the analysis of the pairing correlation functions reveals a weak enhancement of the extended s-wave and dx2−y2 pairing modes. Given the quality of results here reported together with those previously obtained for 1D lattices and the parallelization properties of the FED scheme, we believe that symmetry projection techniques are very well suited for building ground-state wave functions of correlated electronic systems, regardless of their dimensionality.