Browsing by Author "Davis, S. H."
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Determination of chemical tracer partition coefficients(1980) Kapoor, Sunil Kumar; Deans, H. A.; Davis, S. H.; McIntire, Larry V.The purpose of this investigation was to develop an apparatus for determining the partition coefficients of the esters used in single well tracer tests. The single well tracer test has been used since 1968 to determine the residual oil saturations in oil reservoirs. Evaluation of the residual oil saturation requires knowledge of the partition coefficient for the chemical tracer used. In this thesis, an experimental apparatus has been developed to determine partition coefficients at reservoir conditions of pressure, temperature, tracer concentration and brine salinity. The apparatus has been designed for pressures up to 5 psi and temperatures up to 2°F. These will cover the range of most oil reservoirs. It consists of a closed loop in which the oil and the brine phases are contacted. Pure tracer is injected in known amounts, and the concentration of tracer in the brine phase is measured while the brine is being continuously circulated. After tracer concentration reaches an equilibrium value, a mass balance calculation gives the concentration of the tracer in the oil phase. Hence, the value of the partition coefficient can be calculated. Another injection of tracer is then made, and the process repeated. In this way the dependence of the partition coefficient on concentration is obtained at a particular temperature and pressure. Preliminary tests were run to determine the partition coefficients of ethyl acetate in synthetic brine (containing 1, ppm sodium chloride) and white oil. The partition coefficient was obtained at 78°F, 12°F and 16°F for tracer concentrations up to .8%. The apparatus developed could be used to determine the partition coefficients for live reservoir oil and samples and formation water.Item Experimental and analytical techniques for multiple gas-adsorbent equilibrium(1977) Kissinger, Lawrence David; Davis, S. H.C2 and H2 co-adsorption equilibria for polyethylenimine (PEI) coated on an acrylic ester substrate (designated HS-C) was determined. The adsorption of H2 is not dependent on C2 adsorption. The substrate is hydrophilic and accounts for a major fraction of the water adsorption. An analytical equation with temperature effects was developed which predicts the overall water equilibria on HS-C. The adsorption of C2 increases with increased water loading. An analytical equation which predicts C2 capacity as a function of temperature and H2 loading is presented. The adsorption capacity for C2 is considered to arise from the reaction with the hydrated tertiary amino nitrogen of the polymer. Test data at °C, 25°C, and 35°C are included. Ternary equilibrium at select points for the system C2/H2/Contaminant were determined. The contaminants tested were CO, CH4, C2Hg, NH5, Acetone, CHgOH, CgHgOH, isobutane, CCI4, and H2S. Results show that isobutane and CCI4 react irreversibly with the polymer and that CO, CH4, and C2H6 are not adsorbed.Item Study of trace contaminants co-adsorbtion on activated charcoal(1980) Amladi, Pradeep Manohar; Davis, S. H.; Deans, H. A.; Hightower, Joe W.The object of this research was to study trace contaminants coadsorption phenomena on activated charcoal. Selected compounds were injected in pulses into a stream of nitrogen carrier gas flowing through a packed column of activated charcoal. The effluent concentration of the injected compound was detected by either a flame ionization detector or an electron capture detector. The first and second moments of the effluent peaks of injected compounds were calculated and the observed changes in these moments were then interpreted in terms of changes in the adsorption equilibrium constant (H) and the mass transfer resistance coefficient (1/fl). Adsorption studies of the following compounds were done: (1) methanol at 1°C, (2) 2-propanol at 175°C, (3) ethyl acetate at 25°C, (4) trichloroethylene at 25°C and 29°C, (5) 1,1,1-trichloroethane at 2°C and 22°C, and (6) toluene. For each of the first five compounds, the following cases were considered: adsorption on (a) a clean activated charcoal bed, (b) a bed having the same compound preadsorbed on it, (c) a bed having toluene preadsorbed on it, and (d) a bed having toluene and the same compound, both preadsorbed on it. Methanol, 2-propanol and ethyl acetate were studied with a FID. Each of these three compounds were irreversibly adsorbed to some extent. The presence of the irreversibly adsorbed portion and toluene decreased the first and second moments of subsequent adsorption peaks. Changes in both moments indicate that the adsorption equilibrium constant decreases as the surface coverage by toluene and the irreversibly adsorbed amount increases. In the case of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and trichloroethylene, a substantial amount of irreversibly adsorption was noticed. The irreversibly adsorbed amount in each case showed signs of forming a pseudo-liquid layer on the activated charcoal surface. The effect of this was an increase in both moments. Toluene, however, decreased both moments of these two compounds. Sample doses in the experiment were kept low enough to get an average surface coverage of the order of 1“J to 1-4. However, the actual surface coverage at some sites might have been much higher resulting in a highly non-ideal behavior as was observed with 1,1,1-trichloroethane and trichloroethylene.Item Theoretical predictions of heat- and mass-transfer coefficients of dynamic adsorption process(1977) Lee, Yun-Tak; Davis, S. H.In this work, the approach proposed by Glueckauf is used to study the properties of the adsorption of a dilute component from a binary gas stream flowing through a bed packed with 13X zeolite. The numerical solution to the unsteady state heat- and mass-transfer equations describing the process is readily applicable to the design of a carbon dioxide removal system. The solution to these equations depends on the assumption of a nonlinear Isotherm equation to relate concentration on the solid phase to concentration In gas phase, and of a linear heat removal equation to account for the accumulation rate of heat In the solid phase. These assumptions are shown to be justifiable for a dilute adsorbate with large heat of adsorption. This approach permits the prediction of effects of adsorbate concentration, gas flow rate, and bed loading on the removal of the component. The equations Involve two parameters: one characterized by the nature of the adsorbate, another by the plate-fin spacing. Values of these parameters determined for CO2/13X and H2O/13X adsorption systems are presented. This work points out the mass transfer mechanism of the adsorption process and the type of experimental data needed for a design of an adsorption process. A comparison between a model proposed by others for the same set of experimental data and the model of this work is also presented.Item Trace contaminant studies of HSC adsorbent(1979) Yieh, Dennis Tzyy-nian; Davis, S. H.; Deans, H. A.; Leland, Thomas W.The adsorption and desorption of fifteen trace contaminants on HSC (polyethylenimine coated acrylic ester) adsorbent have been experimentally investigated with the following two objectives: 1) To test the removal potential and the adsorption reversibility of the selected trace contaminants, 2) to test the effect a preadsorbed trace contaminant has on the CC^ adsorption capacity. The experimental method for acquiring the adsorption equilibrium data used in this study is based on the volumetric (or displacement) concept of facuum adsorption. From the experimental results, it has been found that the HSC adsorbent has good adsorption potential for contaminants of alcohol compounds, ester,s and benzene compounds; whereas, adsorption of ketone compounds, oxidizing and reducing agents are detrimental to the adsorbent. In addition, all 'liquid' contaminants reduce the CO2 capacity of HSC adsorbent.