Bronk, ChristopherTikk-Ringas, Eneken2016-11-042016-11-042013Bronk, Christopher and Tikk-Ringas, Eneken. "Hack or Attack? Shamoon and the Evolution of Cyber Conflict." (2013) James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy: <a href="http://www.bakerinstitute.org/research/hack-or-attack-shamoon-and-the-evolution-of-cyber-conflict/">http://www.bakerinstitute.org/research/hack-or-attack-shamoon-and-the-evolution-of-cyber-conflict/</a>.https://hdl.handle.net/1911/92672Information technology experts study the background and context of the Shamoon cyberattack on Saudi Aramco, as well as itemize open-source facts and public statements surrounding the episode. This paper has been approved for publication in the March 2013 issue of Survival, Global Politics and Strategy.eng