Huang, FeiranMackeyev, YuriWatson, ErinCheney, Matthew A.Wilson, Lon J.Suh, Junghae2016-01-292016-01-292013Huang, Feiran, Mackeyev, Yuri, Watson, Erin, et al.. "Evidence for nuclear internalisation of biocompatible [60]fullerene1)." <i>European Journal of Nanomedicine,</i> 5, no. 1 (2013) Walter de Gruyter GmbH: 51-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2012-0009.https://hdl.handle.net/1911/88256Many types of nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to internalise within mammalian cells (1), but only a few have been observed to internalise within the cell nucleus-most likely due to the tightly-regulated nuclear membrane (2). Internalisation of NPs into the nucleus is desirable for several reasons, including their use as 1. transfection agents (3), 2. drug delivery platforms for drugs that act on DNA (4), and 3. hyperthermia-inducing agents for cancer therapy using non-invasive stimulation by radiofrequency irradiation (5), magnetic-field cycling (6), or photonic activation (7). For example, derivatised NPs, including protein-functionalised quantum dots (8) and peptide-functionalised gold NPs (9), have been shown to internalise into the nucleus. For underivatised NPs, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), have been observed by direct transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging to also localise in the nucleus of human macrophage cells with dose-dependent cytotoxicity (10). Fullerene C60ﾠis another classic carbon-based NP, however it was not been shown to enter the cell nucleus until recently. In particular, a water soluble derivative of C60ﾠfluorescently labelled with a small molecule fluorophore was shown to enter cell nuclei through nuclear pore complexes in liver cancer cells (11). Here, we validate the nuclear internalisation ability of the C60derivative in several other cell types, further supporting the unique intracellular biodistribution property of this specific fullerene compound.engArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.Journal articlecolocalisationconfocal microscopyfluorophorefullerenenucleushttp://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2012-0009