Cook, David2013-03-132013-03-132009-06Cook, David. "Islamism and Jihadism: The Transformation of Classical Notions of Jihad into an Ideology of Terrorism." <i>Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions,</i> 10, no. 2 (2009) Routledge: 177-187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14690760903119100.https://hdl.handle.net/1911/70546Contemporary jihad is the lineal descendant of classical jihad theory as modified by contemporary radical Islam. It has expressions in both Sunni and Shi‘ite Islam, but differs from the classical material in that the targets allowable for jihad are not states but smaller groups or even individuals. The article traces the history of this development.engArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.Journal articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14690760903119100