2022-03-022022-03-022021-12-14Babakhani, Aydin and Yang, Xuebei, "Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) systems and methods for flow assurance and logging." Patent US11199514B2. issued 2021-12-14. Retrieved from <a href="https://hdl.handle.net/1911/112003">https://hdl.handle.net/1911/112003</a>.https://hdl.handle.net/1911/112003An Electron Paramagnetic resonance (EPR) system and method allows the measurement paramagnetic characteristics of materials in real-time, such as heavy oil, hydrocarbons, asphaltenes, heptane, vanadium, resins, drilling fluid, mud, wax deposits or the like. The EPR systems and methods discussed herein are low cost, small and light weight, making them usable in flow-assurance or logging applications. The EPR sensor is capable of measuring paramagnetic properties of materials from a distance of several inches. In some embodiments, a window will be used to separate the EPR sensor from the materials in a pipeline or wellbore. Since the sensor does need to be in direct contact with the materials, it can operate at a lower temperature or pressure. In other embodiments, the EPR sensor may be placed in the materials.21engUtility patentUS11199514B2